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Female Circumcision Research Paper

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Female circumcision, or female genital mutilation (FGM), is a form of modification to the female sexual anatomy. There are many forms, some much more extensive in nature than others. Nearly all include an excision of the clitoris. The clitoris is one of the primary erogenous zones associated with a women 's enjoyment of oral and penetrative intercourse. More extreme examples may additionally include the removal of all external genitalia, as well as infibulation, or the act of stitching the vaginal opening shut aside from a tiny hole for urine and menstrual blood to pass. The practice of female circumcision 's exact origins are often disputed among historians and scholars, but the practice occurs among practitioners of Christian as well as …show more content…

Women in these societies are often considered to be capricious, provocative, and dangerous to men physically as well as spiritually. FGM is thought to be a way of quelling a woman 's desire for sexual gratification, making the notion of her leading an adulterous or premarital sexually active life much less of a danger. Through the elimination of her primary means for reaching orgasm, often combined with the sewing up of the vaginal opening itself, the diminished likelihood for pleasure as well as what many would feel an assuridy for painful intercourse, helps keep women remaining chaste. In spite of the extreme implications, both physically and socially, there are many women who willingly undergo the procedure. They site reasons as diverse as feeling that female circumcision is a "rite of passage", as sort of initiation symbolic of one achieving womanhood, and the act being a tribute to their spiritual deities and commitment to their cultures beliefs regarding sexuality and decency. Many look forward to the experience, and hope to one day indoctrinate their kin into the tradition. There are even some women who have undergone the surgeries that contend not only do they not diminish their sexual desire, but that they do not lead to greater pain or negative outcomes during child birth or sexual contact.Still, there do exist many vocal dissenters, even among the women living in cultures where the practice is commonplace. Aside from their health and physical well being, they feel that by their very nature the procedures degrade women. They feel it may relegate them to a subordinate and often what many in western civilizations would deem "cruel" and "harsh"relationship with the men in their

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Holloway was impressed by the work Monique preformed as not only a healthcare provider but a midwife. Once, when Holloway was observing and assisting in a birth she realized Monique, “was responsible for the future of this village” (8). While working with Monique, Holloway learned more about the health aspect of this culture, for example; female genital cutting. At first mention of this Holloway was surprised to learn this was a common tradition among adolescent women. Since this tradition is not ordinarily practiced in the United States, she was eager to learn more about the why this procedure is part of their culture.

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I work at Sonora Regional Medical Center and this week, I have been working at a pediatric clinic and I have learned certain things about circumcisions and when it should be performed on a baby boy. A circumcision is the surgical removal of the foreskin and, on infants, it is performed within the first few day after birth. It has been found by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), that the benefits of a circumcisions in newborns, outweigh the risks of it, but when the boys age more, it does not necessarily need to be done unless there is a medical reason to do so. There are many benefits to a circumcision including a reduced risk of urinary tract infections, a reduced risk of sexually transmitted diseases in men, reduced risk of penile

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Before he even begins his argument, he provides a strong reliable background by being a professor of bioethics which studies the ethics of medical and biological research. This gives him a much more trustworthy statement because it shows us readers that he knows what he is talking about and it backs up his arguments since many are emotionally based. First, since he is knowledgeable of this topic, he describes the procedures being done with more detail by stating that, “the uterus removal was intended to spare her discomfort of menstrual cramps; the surgery to prevent the development of breasts aimed to make her more comfortable when she is laying down or had a strap across her chest in her wheelchair” (Singer 23). By explaining all of this he is providing an even more stable and credible background because it shows he is educated on the topic, since he explains what he is articulating about. He starts off his assessment using a claim of fact stating, “five years ago, the parents of a profoundly intellectually disabled girl...known only as Ashley, told the world about a controversial treatment they were using on their child” (Singer 22).

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The practice, according to Ahmed, was not generally observed in her society and was seen by women who practiced Islam as a cultural tradition that was not mandated by the religion. Instead of being a religious requirement, circumcision was viewed as a cultural rite of passage for women. In contrast, male Islam routinely performed female circumcision and considered it as a religious need. Men felt that female circumcision was required to preserve a woman's chastity and purity and to keep her from having sex before marriage. Ahmed claims that female circumcision is not an essential Islamic ritual because of the harm it might cause and because of her own experience with it.

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Mormon Mother: Well it has something to do with God so it's not very nice. God splits the skin with a jagged thumbnail from throat to belly and then plunges a huge filthy hand in, he grabs hold of your bloody tubes and they slip to evade his grasp but he squeezes hard, he insists, he pulls and pulls till all your innards are yanked out and the pain! We can't even talk about that. And then he stuffs them back, dirty, tangled and torn.

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BODY PARAGRAPH #1 The job responsibilities of an OB/GYN can go as little as prescribing medication for their patient, and as big as performing surgery on their patient. “A gynecologist is also responsible for the diagnosis and treatment of the female reproduction system disorders and diseases. They may become involved in the general healthcare of women related to topics such as nutrition or diseases that affect only women” (How to become a gynecologist). The job responsibilities of an OB/GYN is the patient.

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A woman is "perceived as...nasty...described as hypersexual, without the ability to control her sexuality [and] considered undesirable for marriage" if she does not participate in a form of genital mutilation (African Journal of Reproductive Health, 29) Another practice that used to be widely accepted in many parts of the world was the

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The man is manipulating her through his words to get his girl to go through with the operation. First, he brings up the operation and goes on to say that “It’s really an awfully simple operation”(42) hinting at the fact that it is easily done and not a big deal at all. Secondly, the man uses the idea of happiness to win her over in this decision, “That’s the only thing that bothers us. It’s the only thing that’s made us unhappy”(50) he is manipulating her into thinking that this operation will revive their happiness they once shared in this relationship. Thirdly, he tries to normalize the operation to make her feel like it’s a common thing, no big deal, he tells her she doesn’t “have to be afraid.

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Judith is the first to ever reject the “honor” of circumcision because of her modern views. Women of the modern world have the same state of mind when it comes to having control of their own

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The few personal stories from the women who experienced circumcision offer powerful additions to the horrifying nature of genital mutilation and how the poorly done operation forever ruins the women’s hygiene and health. The result of Soraya Mire’s choice to only showcase the graphic parts of female circumcision takes away the cultural meaning and importance of the practice. Soraya Mire’s strong opinion on female circumcision relates closely with the Western approach to viewing external cultures and disagreeing with practices that

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To initiate, the implementation of gender equality laws will help conclude unequal treatment towards women and create opportunities for women to refuse unsafe work and treatments. Also, without the right to make individual choices for body, women 's prosperity, well-being, and potential in society are restricted and gender inequality is therefore perpetuated. According to the academic article, Sexual Health’s Women’s Rights, “120 million girls worldwide have experienced forced intercourse” (Ngcuka) activities against their own individual soul. Many women are suffering from forced physical and sexual violence because of the limited laws and regulations that allow women to refuse unsafe treatments and practices. According to reports, the “ 32

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Informative Speech: Female Genital Mutilation Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about female genital mutilation and where the controversy of it all lies. Central Idea: Female Genital Mutilation is a tradition in certain parts of the world. Most of the time these procedures aren 't carried out safely and the final outcome of the girls that have been mutilated are to work as sex slaves. INTRODUCTION (Attention Getter)This is Kizibianca of kenya, africa. At a mere fifteen years old she was woken up at 5 am and led outside of her hut by the the local traditional brothers and female elders.

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It’s done in various parts of Asia, Africa, and parts of the Middle East. Typically, the clitioris is removed from the female with no medical personnel and is often unsanitary. An outsider may see this as a violation of the female genitals, which makes it unlawful. However, it is common in these cultures. Whether it is right or wrong is a matter of opinion.

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Indeed human rights have failed to achieve its goals in many countries around the globe due to economical and political diversities. According to Himalayan Foundation, 20,000 Nepali girls are enslaved. The recent Rohingya refugee crisis and genocide by Burma has questioned human rights defenders. WHO reports say that around 125 million girls and women were victimized of Female Genital Mutilation in 29 countries in Africa, Middle East and Asia. Surprisingly more than 2000 victims of FGM have received treatment at London Hospitals in last three years, reported by Martin Bentham in ‘London Evening Standard’, 2013.

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