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The Five-Factor Model

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The Five-Factor Model as a Measure of Personality Traits
It is often that bullying has been associated with personality traits, thus understanding how an individual’s personality develops proves crucial towards formulating decisive counter-measures. As further expounded by Gul-E-Sehar and Fatima (2016), bullying is considered “a form of behavior of a stronger individual or group intended to harm a weaker person frequently and in different ways” (Gul-E-Sehar & Fatima, 2016, p.52). Bullying is either directly or indirectly experienced, usually resulting in victimization and/or discrimination. Victimization is associated with the experience of “facing the aggressive behavior of more a powerful person or group” (Gul-E-Sehar & Fatima, 2016, p.52). …show more content…

Thus, the trait effectively measures an individual’s tendency towards compassion and cooperation, as opposed to being antagonistic and suspicious towards others. Accordingly, agreeableness is able to measure an individual’s helpful and trusting nature. Existing cross-sectional findings portray a negative correlation between bullying and agreeableness, which is evident in extroverts than introverts (Nielsen & Knardahl, 2015). Thus, persons with lower rates of agreeableness are often viewed with skepticism and …show more content…

It is concerned with the trait of proactively appreciating and seeking various experiences for personal sake, thereby portraying higher levels of toleration whilst having a greater propensity towards the exploration of the unfamiliar. This is a character that negatively correlates with bullying as extroverts tend to have greater self-esteem, confidence, and tolerance levels (Nielsen & Knardahl, 2015). It is however noted that limited research on the correlation between bullying and openness limits the use of this factor as an effective measure of personality traits vis-à-vis the likelihood of victimization or bullying contexts. Thus, based on the Five-Factor model, it can be stated that the hypothesis “tackling introversion can be an effective means towards drastically reducing bullying in schools” is partially true, with some level of

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The biological theories that were initially used to explain criminal and non-conforming behaviours can be used to explain and understand the motivation behind bullying just like any other kind of criminal and non-conforming behaviour. Traditional theories such as Lombroso and Beccaria held on the fact that criminals and non-conforming members of the society had physical characteristics that motivated them to criminal behaviours. These individuals pose unique biological traits that significantly predisposed tem to negative non-conforming behaviours’. Perhaps this theory has not been directly linked to bullying but since bullying is criminalized by the society, those taking part in it then should be considered t be suffering from the same fate.

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Kids have been bullied at a very young age during their life. Bullying can mold how a child is, it can change the way they live and how they express themselves. Everywhere in the country kids bully each other. In the study it showed that bullying across countries ranges from 8.6 to 45.2 percent among boys and 4.8 to 35.8 percent among girls(1). Some of the kids tell people about bullying to an adult

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“Nearly 30 percent of students are either bullies or victims of bullying” ( "Bullying and Suicide." - Bullying Statistics. Web. 11 June 2015.) .

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In our society, Bullying is a growing epidemic that affects many people. In the first essay titled “Human Dignity” by Francis Fukuyama. He holds a B. A. in classics from Cornell University and a Ph. D in political science from Harvard University. Fukuyama puts the idea of Human Dignity to light and the idea of Factor X. Fukuyama states that Factor X is “ What the demand for equality of recognition implies is that when we strip all of a person’s contingent and accidental characteristics away, there remains some essential human quality underneath that is worthy of a certain minimal level of respect” (144). Meaning that there are many factors in what makes a human a human rather than just one factor.

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All my friends from previous years had parted ways, and we were all thrown into this giant fishbowl just trying to survive. There was a lost feeling that came with this new school. I started to withdraw, and everything began to suffer as a result. My personal and social life became non-existent and my grades tanked to an all-time low. Terje Murberg, in her article, “The Role of Personal Attributes and Social Support Factors on Passive Behavior in Classroom Among Secondary School Students: A Prospective Study” states “For those who display an inhibited and/or passive behavior, it can be difficult to attain full potential academic achievement and to make use of social opportunities that are available” (Murberg 1).

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Personality is unique to each individual. There are many personality traits, such as extroversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness, but one trait seems to be on the rise as a whole. The talk of a more narcissistic generation has increased throughout the 21st century as well as the interest in this personality trait. Researcher Eddie Brummelman has pointed out this increase in his research, especially in Westernized adolescence. Brummelman et al.

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997 Words | 4 Pages

Bullying is, by far, the single most common practice of prejudice in the world, and it’s unfortunately propagated by the social construct of gender roles; a type of discrimination against sex and gender. As Jessie Klein, the author or The Bully Society, states, “In the absence of authentic self-expression and relationships, we become accustomed to the irrational foundation on which our lives are structured and accept some unacceptable ideas: that this is as good as it gets; that competition is better than cooperation; that things are more important than people; and that inequality makes more sense for a society than equality” (Klein 238). Thus, it’s the societal foundation that builds upon all prejudice and bias. Such, society is tasked with educating the masses and properly handling the various distances between groups. It’s when this relationship and checks and balances fails, does bullying grow rampant within society.

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Various theories have been formulated in order to explain why individuals are attracted to bullying. However, for this particular topic, I conclude that the theory developed by Edwin Sutherland, Differential Association, best explains this form of deviance for the simple fact that individuals learn attitudes, values, and techniques through interaction. This theory was conceived to define the purpose of an individual's deviant acts, in which it argues that actions are learned through association. In other words, deviant acts result from profound interactions of distinct norms and values, particularly those acquired within subcultures or among peers. Furthermore, in order for an individual to be gradually be influenced by others, the learning

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Higher value of mean test score for those identified as Bully by teachers in comparison to those identified as Non-bully for each Response category tends to imply face validity of the test. t -ratios for testing equality of means and F- ratios for testing equality of variances between bully and non-bully groups for different response categories are given in Table – 2 Observations i) Mean test score for the combined group declined steadily with reduction in number of response categories. Difference of mean scores between i-th and (i -1) th response categories (for i =5, 4, 3) were found to be significant. Similar trends were observed for the Bully group as well as for the Non-bully group.

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Bullies are usually stronger and victims are usually perceived as weaker and unable to protect themselves.” (Masterson,1997) Bullying expands in many aspects of everyday life; from schoolchildren and teenagers, to adults , working environments and even spouses and family members. Considering that the first signs of bullying appear among schoolchildren, we should examine it in its infancy, that is, bullying in early years and school life, which in turn becomes with the passage of years violence and in some cases even crime. As far as bullying at school is concerned, “one definition is that a student is being bullied or victimized, when he or she is exposed, repeatedly and over time , to negative actions on the part of one or more other students.”

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Annotated Bibliography Sarahi Ali Gutierrez Nevada State College Annotated Bibliography Annotation 1 Piskin, M. (2002). School bullying: definition, types, related factors, and strategies to prevent bullying problems. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 2(2), 555.

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1388 Words | 6 Pages

Bullying has been named an “emerging public health issue requiring intervention” (Ansary, Elias, Greene, & Green, 2015, p. 27). As a major problem in schools around the world, the issue of bullying must be addressed in order to keep students physically and emotionally safe. The act of bullying not only affects the well-being of the person being targeted, but it also affects the rest of the school community too. It can be difficult for teachers, principals, and superintendents to make an ethical decision about what to do when bullying occurs because there are misunderstandings about what bullying is, leading to the improper identification of situations.

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1131 Words | 5 Pages

This paper is a review of Chapter 5, Personality and Values, and Chapter 8, Motivation: From Concepts to Application. It outlines a review of the Big Five Personality Model, and of the social and physical context of work that impact employees. Finally, it address how the understanding of the Big Five Personality Model and an understanding of the social and physical context of work that impact employees allows leaders to effectively motivate employees. The Big five personality model Personality can be defined as the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others.

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In the low self-control theory, the phenomenon of bullying is similar to many other kinds of social crime and considered bullying as a serious problem in relation to students’ safety in school and a threat to students’ academic achievements (Moon et al., 2008). According to this theory, parenting practices are said to have a significant effect on children’s self-control, which in turn affects deviant and criminal behavior (Moon et al., 2008). According to the differential association theory, bullying behavior is more likely the result of the association of children with delinquent environments. Several studies have examined the relationship between delinquent peer association attitude toward violence and bullying (Moon et al., 2008). In the general strain theory, three types of strain were proposed; strain as the actual or anticipated failure to achieve positively valued goals, strain as the actual or anticipated removal of positively valued stimuli and strain as the actual or anticipated presentation of negatively valued stimuli to individuals.

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1384 Words | 6 Pages

Historically, the most momentous turning point of bullying happened in the mid 1970’s where a research professor of psychology Dan Olweus, conducted an intensive

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