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Genetic Engineering In Medicine

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Genetic Engineering is a process where we manually remove our gene of interest from an organism and insert it into another organism. This results in the organism possessing the particular trait we want from the organism. Applications of genetic engineering can be found all around us. They can range from certain crops that are pest resistant to the food with higher nutritional value and even to the medicine that we consume. Genetic engineering began in 1973 when Herb Boyer and Stanley Cohen created the first recombinant deoxyribonucleic (DNA) organism. They transferred antibiotic resistance genes into a plasmid. The plasmid was later introduced into Escherichia Coli. They then discovered that the following generations of daughter cells were also resistant to the antibiotics. In 1974, Rudolf Jaenisch created the first transgenic animal. After he introduced the foreign DNA into mice embryo, he observed that the foreign DNA was found in the mice tissue. This started the discovery of many more products that were produced from genetic engineering later on. The report features the medicine aspect in the application of genetic engineering. …show more content…

This is how genetic engineering will be able to help us in producing those medical products. Now some patients will be able to have a certain chemical or hormone that they previously lack. The most common medical product developed from genetic engineering will be insulin. There are still many other products derived from genetic engineering. Other instances are human growth hormone, human albumin and monoclonal antibodies. These medical products can help to treat many diseases that were deemed incurable in the

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With a new gene expresses, it can lead to genetic diversity. In daily basis experiments, scientists are introducing a new gene that can amplify the plasmid and produce large quantities of a new characteristic. This experiment builds a lot of beneficial for medicine and biotechnology. This technique called Transformation was introduced when a gene from the jellyfish was extracted and placed into the plasmid that encodes for Green Fluorescent Protein to produce the gene that give the characteristic of glowing green.

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Ignoring the development of genetic modification can cause a total chaos when so many good things can come from this process. Cloning and genetic enhancing research needs to be further expanded and brought to the

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It supposes important progress in the fight against diseases such as diabetes, some cancers and others hereditary diseases. Although they have many advantages, they also pose ethical problems, often motivated by the interests and bad practices of multinational

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Of course gene cloning has many research purposes, we can cover the cloned gene or protein products and also human can be treated with gene therapy. So this essay will be about the molecular cloning in the past and how it developed and what are the possibilities

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GATTACA GATTACA is a movie that introduces genetic engineering as the main aspect to take in consideration while watching the movie. “Genetic engineering is a set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of cells, including the transfer of genes within and across species boundaries to produce improved or novel organisms”(Union). It has given the humanity a chance to improve some traits on future off springs as parents desire; people are now able to determine whether they want their unborn children to have brown hair, light skin or it is even possible to prevent some diseases, but this is still on development. (Niccol)

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Gene patenting is the exclusive rights to a specific sequence of a gene given by the government to a corporation, individual, or organization who claims to have first identified the gene. The ability to patent a gene is called complementary DNA. A question stands out concerning gene patenting is whether genes should be treated as owned matter. The U.S. legal system says only products of human ingenuity can be patented, for example, technology, art, laws, etc., products from nature or naturally produced cannot be patented. There is evidence for this for example in the case Diamond v. Chakrabarty in 1980, the U.S. Supreme court said that life-forms can be patented if they are the products of human ingenuity.

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The author of the work “Genetic Engineering” is Francis Fukuyama. The work details some of the advances that genetic engineering has made, along with the advances genetic engineering could make. Fukuyama in the writing “Genetic Engineering” states the advances genetic engineering has made, the several different methods of genetic engineering, the obstacles that obstruct the progress of genetic engineering, and considerations to make about genetic engineering. Finally, Fukuyama concludes with two major points about genetic engineering.

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Gene Therapy is an experimental technique that involves altering genes inside the body in order to treat or prevent disease. Since the understanding of the flow of genetic materials in organisms is established, the cause of disease has been linked to the abnormal expression of genetic information. It is believed that diseases are treatable by correcting such defects; hence gene therapy evolves as an active field of research. The first clinical trial of gene therapy was started at NIH Clinical Center in 1990 (National Institute of Health, 2005-2014). However, it is not until 2012 that Glybera appeared as the first gene therapy to be approved in European Union (EU).

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The past twenty years have host to some of the biggest advances in biomedical sciences. However there are few that are more significant and important of these three advances; the development of gene therapy and its first successful use worldwide clinically, the use of monoclonal antibodies in order to treat cancer, and the sequencing of the human genome. There is also a problem in the world at the moment with antibiotic resistance in harmful bacteria and the challenge has been set to find new antibiotics in order to combat these bacteria. In the next decade, significant steps will be made towards this advance.

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Without a doubt, the advancement in the medical field in the current generation is truly remarkable. It has come a long way as many cures have been developed in order to treat complex illnesses. Besides that, the advancement of modern medication has brought a great advantage to not only human beings but also to other living creatures such as animals and plants. The question that many wonder would be how are these medications developed? It certainly is a complex set of procedure to develop treatments for any kind of diseases, let alone a targeted sickness.

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Medicine is reaching a stage where knowing a patients genotype will better help physicians give patients optimal health care. Genomics is a very fast advancing field of medicine. Many countries are investing large sums of money into this field as it has the potential to lessen pressure on spending on healthcare in the long run as well as lessen the pressure on doctors who treat patients with terminal illnesses. The advancement of genomic medicine, however, has been slow in comparison to the advancement of genomics. This type of medicine has many subfields that are specialised for specific purposes such as genomic pharmaceuticals that specialises in making medicine fit for a specific genotype.

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In conclusion, genetic engineering has plenty of benefits. Those benefits would be able to increase food production, eliminating diseases/disorders, and choosing the best traits in an

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Genetic engineering could theoretically eliminate the passing of “disease” genes. In addition, new products can be created. With genetic engineering, new products can be created by adding or combining different profiles together. This makes it possible for more people to get what they need nutritionally, even if their food access

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According to Wikipedia, Transgenic organisms can be defined as, “an organism that has been genetically altered by adding genes into, and out of, the organism to achieve the desired outcome, this process is called genetic engineering. Genetic engineering is made possible through certain techniques within biotechnology and bioengineering”. More and more organisms, including plants and animals, are being modified today. These processes are justified based on their supposed “endless benefits”, but at what cost? This leaves us with concerns about whether these processes are ethically correct and whether it is appropriate to use these organisms as a means of producing things such as pharmaceuticals.

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Genetic engineering is a technology of genetic modification. It allows scientists to alter the arrangement of genes by manipulating the protein sequence of the gene. This technology started to gain momentum in the middle of the twentieth century, although the concept first appeared in the 1920s. With the structure of DNA being revealed in 1953, genetic engineering received a solid foundation and attracted more and more enthusiasts. The rapid progression of research caused by such interest also led to some conflicts.

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