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How Did The Increase Urbanization Of Europe In The High Middle Ages

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The increased population of Europe in the Middle Ages improved its agriculture and increased the production of crops. Territorial expansion from multiple different cultures starting around the year 400 increased the area for farming. There was also many of innovations developed throughout the High Middle Ages. The High Middle Ages was around 1000 to 1400. The increased population of Europe also started the urbanization of the modern world. These three things increased the production of crops and overall improved Europe’s agriculture. Over the course of the Middle Ages, many different groups expanded their territory. By doing this, they expanded the area for farming. The first big group to expand was the Germanic Franks around 450. The migration …show more content…

Charlemagne would reward grants of land to his most loyal warriors (Miller). These grants of land would be used to increase the production of farming throughout the conquered land. The Franks fell around 900 to Muslim attacks to the south and Viking attacks to the north (Miller). The term “Vikings” is usually thought of as the brutish, killing machines, people that discovered Iceland and Greenland, however the term is meant for Norse merchants, warriors, pirates, and explorers (Newman 1). Newman states, “Vikings settled new lands in the north, south, and east” (Newman 3). While mainly settling in Scandinavia and northern Germany, they are known to also have settled in the other areas around Europe (Newman 2, 7). Vikings are known to have expanded throughout the Atlantic in areas such as North Africa, Russia, the Middle East, and Constantinople (Newman 7). They were able to settle in North America under Leif Eriksson. Some believe the Vikings expanded to avenge the pagans forced to follow Christianity. As Newman states, “Others believe that the Viking Expansion occurred as a result of Norse and Scandinavian population overgrowth or the need for expansion agriculturally” (Newman 9). This expansion was possibly due

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The Vikings were a group of Germanic sea dwellers who traded with and raided towns all across Europe out of their Scandinavian homeland. During the late 8th to 11th centuries they ruled all of Europe through their barbaric ways. Even other cultures outside of Europe saw the barbaric ways in which the Vikings acted towards the villages that they encountered. One such case of this was a Muslim Chronicler, Ibn Fadlan, recounting of the Vikings as “[T]he filthiest of God’s creatures.” While they were very savage in their actions, this very trait gave them the ability to be able to roam through and ravage an entire town fully unopposed and within a very miniscule timeframe.

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In Tschan 1). The Vikings were said to have then “attacked the entire province with impunity”, meaning leaving no person untouched from their force (Adam of Bremen qtd. In Tschan 1). After that, the Vikings took captives upon their huge ships to become slaves (Adam of Bremen qtd. In Tschan 1).

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Trade played a major role in the Viking expansion as many trades ended up as raids. However, the Vikings established many trade routes throughout Europe. They also set up many trade centers.   As well as this, craftsmen and merchants went to England, Germany and other countries to barter their goods. These trades were usually only performed once or twice every year.

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Lief allowed Karlsefni to borrow his house in Wineland. The Vikings did not value religion. When they raided and took over cities, they killed the Bishops and the clergy men. They also burned down churches. It wasn 't until they did serious damage to religious

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924 Words | 4 Pages

Regardless, the notoriety of the Vikings, within a century or two was gone. Many of them had converted to Christianity and settled in their occupied territories. At the same time, Scandinavians were developing new settlements in Iceland, Greenland, North America, and the North Atlantic, and created European style kingdoms in Scandinavia. As they became assimilated in their new lands

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1489 Words | 6 Pages

The early Vikings, lived in the years 793 to 1066 in their homeland of Scandinavia and were a very sea based civilization, known for their seafaring skills such as their boats and navigational prowess. However, they also practiced agriculture, but eventually over worked the land. This is just one of the motivations for the Vikings to expand into European lands, as well as to retaliate against them due to previous invasions made by

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However, credible sources4 indicate that the Norse explorers aimed to stay in the new land but were forced to vacate due to brutality from the local inhabitants. The source1 also reports that the story of the Viking exploration was transferred from generation to generation through sagas. The sagas were passed from one person to another through word of mouth before it was committed to the earliest writings in the 12th and 13th

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On June 8th 793ce foreign ships brought an unexpected surprise to the Lindisfarne monastery situated off the coast of England; the Northmen had arrived. This attack marked the beginning of the Viking Age, an era of raids that shook the western world until its end at the battle of Hastings in 1066. According to those on the receiving end of the raids these Northmen arrived and promptly the “heathen miserably destroyed God 's church by rapine and slaughter .” It is important to note that the Vikings had an oral tradition and no known sources exist depicting events from their perspective. There exists a less known side of the Viking Age and its society, one comprised of such aspects as the farmer, trader, craftsmen, and explorer.

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The 1700’s and early 1800’s was the time period where England’s population exploded. The reason being is because the Industrial Revolution, many factors than will explain why and how the Industrial Revolution was caused are the efficient agriculture, new machinery and jobs, working and living conditions and lastly trades. Although there was a massive population increase some of these factors cause negative issues especially for the poor but was a massive advantage for the wealthy. These factors were a stepping stone leading to the population explosion. During the mid-1600s farming was a factor that led to the Agricultural Revolution.

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1. Most of the Viking invasions of the ninth and tenth century were written by clerics in a religious context, and the texts often denoted raids as a penalty for the Franks’ sins, which fulfilled biblical prophecy. 2. Frankish theology will be examined in order to define how Christians were to react toward Vikings invasions in three frameworks: the Vikings as punishers of Franks’ sin, the Vikings as pagan crusaders, and the Franks as loyal defenders of the church. 3.

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Even though many Vikings preferred fighting and were driven to wealthy life other Vikings preferred a peaceful life that included economy with the surrounding countries. It is mentioned that the Vikings stayed in America for nearly 10 years. There is some evidence like the remains of their house and settlement. As a result of their trading Erikson brought some grapes from Greenland and timber that is why it is called Vinland or in another saying Wine land. Some people say that the Vikings didn’t stay in America because they had some disagreements with the Indians, and the Indians didn’t want them to stay.

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Violence, gore, and war engulf the Norseman’s way of life. Interchangeably known as heathens, pagans, Vikings (when raiding) and Norsemen, Europeans constructed various perspectives towards these individuals. Directly translated, Norsemen means people from the north, which refers to an immense group of people who spoke Old Norse. According to “On the Causes of Viking Expansion”, Dudo of St Quentin describes the Norsemen inhabiting Central and Southern Scandinavia, more specifically the area between the Danube and Scythian sea during the eighth Century. Adam of Bremen describes a drastic alteration of Norse society in “The Conversion of the Danes Under Harald Bluetooth” as individuals convert from pagans into Christian crusaders around twelfth

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3874 Words | 16 Pages

The Viking expansion started in 793 with the first raid and ended around 1050. The division of the geographical core area is important, because this division also separates Vikings in the way took part in the expansion Norwegians travelled west- and southwest to colonise. The Danes went southwest for their conquests and the Swedes proceeded east- and south-eastward for their raiding and trading. Raiding and trading routes Raiding and trading

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975 Words | 4 Pages

The Scandinavian Vikings were a group of people who lived on the Scandinavian Peninsula which encompasses modern day Sweden, Norway, and Denmark. The Vikings were known for their strength and brutality in combat, and they were feared by civilizations and kingdoms all across Europe. These strangers from the north were often looked upon as savages and were thought of as the embodiment of Dark Age barbarism. While it may be true that the Norsemen were quite brutal in combat; it would be a mistake to think of them as mindless animals who commit to nothing but destruction (Stock Page1).

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1327 Words | 6 Pages

The now rich soil brought about by the agricultural revolution let the crops give the nutrients which helped peasants withstand childbirth and live longer, leading to an increase in population. Since the Europeans were able to feed their families from the excess food, it allowed them to find time to learn new trades and develop new skills. The businesses increased from the expansion of the population of those living in cities and towns. They were given land from the king through an agreement called a charter.

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