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Reformation and its impact in Europe
Impact of reformation on european society
What political impacts did the reformation cause in europe
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During the period between 1550 and 1648, the view of the Holy Roman Empire, France, and the Spanish Netherlands shifted to perceive religious diversity as a strength and not as a weakness. Following the bloody civil war between Charles V and the Schmalkaldick league, the Peace of Augsburg took the first steps to reestablishing domestic stability. The contract specified in Document 4 illustrates the town council in Saxony mandating the cooperation of Lutheranism and Catholicism with the Catholic church allowing Lutheran priests to perform sermons in the upper balcony. The system helps to ensure domestic stability which goes in sharp contrast to the war under Charles V for religious uniformity. Therefore, Document 4 illustrates that the city council believed that there could be political stability with religious diversity.
In the year 1517, Martin Luther started his protestant revolt. This revolt caused many Catholics to turn away from their faith in Germany, Switzerland, England, and later all around the world. This divided the people of Europe, causing many wars between states and enmities between previous friends. In England, King Henry VIII divorced and remarried, causing the pope to publicly reprimand him.
Charles V face multiple problem in his European territories that forced him to spend less time facing the threat of the Ottoman empire (von Sivers, Desnoyers, and Stow 475-476). For instance, revolts in Iberia, the Protestant reformation in the German states, and a renewed war with France for control of Burgundy and Italy demanded the attention of Charles V for the first three decades of the 20th century (von Sivers, Desnoyers, and Stow 476). The distractions only became worse when the French formed an alliance with the Ottomans to drive the Habsburgs out of Italy (von Sivers, Desnoyers, and Stow
The Protestant Reformation broke out in Germany in the beginning of 1517. The Church and the Pope began to lose power and authority and people began to question the teachings and ways of the Catholic Church. Ideas of new religions, such as Protestant, Lutheran, and Calvinists, started to spread throughout Europe. The Church was corrupt and started to lose followers. These problems led to people speaking out against the Church and it became a revolution of political and religious debates.
The Renaissance, Religious Reformations, religious wars, and oversea expansions lead to changing attitudes in Europe during the 15th and 16th centuries. The Protestant Reformation raised the status of women, but at the same time reformers like Martin Luther believed women should be domestic figures and stay out of the public area. As a result of the strong religious feelings from the Reformations, people became insecure with certain women, like widows and midwives, and developed the idea that they were witches and conferring with the devil. This insecurity and confusion launched the Great European witch-hunt. A witch-hunt is the searching for witches, which often resulted in the trial and persecution of women allegedly practicing witchcraft.
Knowledge, literacy, and their intellectuality expanded ever since the protestant reformation happened. The people that were against the catholic church began thinking for themselves and making better decisions. They agreed on decisions which involved unifying together. For example in the document “People and the Reformation” it states, “The meeting had eventually produced a friendly partnership within Protestant ranks while strengthening the emperor’s position against the threat of Roman Catholic forces”. In other words, this excerpt states that they withheld meetings to make their own decisions to improve the protestant reformation.
The Protestant Reformation was a movement that spread throughout Europe, in which started in 1517. The Reformation affected Europe politically and socially. Feelings leading up to the Reformation were very religious, and very much full of disrespect. In document 2, written by Martin Luther in the 95 Theses, many people were very bitter of the church’s idea of “the money box.
“The Singer Solution to World Poverty” by Peter Singer raises a thought provoking question to his audience—to give or not to give? Singer believes that acquiring luxuries is equivalent to letting poverty-stricken children starve to death. Extreme hypothetical scenarios of people who choose money and luxuries over a child’s life are prevalent throughout Singer’s argument and to further prove his point, he creates parallels between those people and people who don’t donate and claims that there is no moral distinction between the two. Singer’s straight-forward, but rather demanding proposition states that the money used to indulge in luxuries should go towards people in need instead. In an ideal world, Singer’s “solution” would be simple and noble.
I believe The Reformation influenced many events in the church, politics, race and gender. First, the Reformation changed the church. The movement did start in the walls of the Catholic Church. A man named Martin Luther challenged the authority of the church.
Historians argue that there were many causes of the Protestant Reformation, but there was one main issue that instigated its formation. Economically, resentment of the Church’s wealth and taxes influenced the drive for reformation and particularly, other European leaders. In the same respect, the Church’s growing political authority and push for power troubled such leaders. Despite the perceived supreme power of the Church in Europe, the religious affairs and corruption amongst the Church’s leaders were more important causes of the reformation. An increased disdain and mistrust of the Church dominated the opinion of the public and further supported the idea of reformation.
This provided even more difficulties for Emperor Charles V to regain power, as it was now nearly impossible to impose the Catholic faith on German territories. Despite Charles's relentlessness, he eventually surrendered his will in the Peace of Augsburg in 1555. This event marks a critical turning point in the Protestant Reformation, as it acknowledges the divide within Christianity, granting Catholicism and Lutheranism equal standing. This discourse ultimately resulted in German princes holding the ultimate decision to choose either Lutheranims or Catholicism as their
1. The Reformation was a period where men like Martin Luther challenged the teachings and authority of the Roman Catholic Church. However, before the Reformation, the Church had to deal with problems such as the Sack of Rome. In 1527, Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V, had his own troops come against the city of Rome, take the city over, and imprison Pope Clement VII. While the Church was trying to deal with outer conflicts, there was a problem that was rising from within.
Rulers wanted to master their own territory; rulers used their power to the form of religion that was to be followed. Socio-religious radicalism was reduced in areas that adopted Anglican, Lutheran, Calvinist, or Roman Catholic churches. They established Protestant churches in their country knowing that the new church would be dependent upon them and willing to accept their political
In most cases, the Catholic Church was indeed incharge. Lutheranism wanted to be the new ones in charge since they believed the Catholics were wrong in their teachings. But, they refused to let go of their powers and dominance of all the citizens in the community. This caused the divisions with European Christians and Lutheranism and Calvinism/Anglicanism. Luther thought the Catholic Church and their popes were out of hand and should not control the people as much as they did.
John Calvin John Calvin was an important aspect in the reformation for multiple reasons one being that he was a leading figure by publishing the Institutes of the Christian Religion which he hoped to regulate Protestantism. He also became a valued spiritual and political leader in which he put together a religious government. Later given absolute supremacy as the leader in Geneva. He was a man who instituted numerous positive policies. He did a superb job of what he was trying to accomplish, he banned all art other than music which ended up creating Geneva the center of Protestantism, which is what he was shooting for initially.
