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How Does Crack Cocaine Affect The Human Body

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Cocaine is one of the most widely abused, addictive and deadly drugs in the world. Since cocaine’s origin tracing back to the Inca civilization in the Andes Mountains of South America, to its mass production and trafficking today, cocaine has built quite the reputation. However, amongst these uses, forms and increased availability of cocaine lies a detrimental impact, the damaging effects cocaine has on the human body. The increased exposure, use and production of cocaine creates a difficult problem for those in the fight to reduce the drug's presence. Similarly, the everlasting effects of cocaine can be felt and seen much long after its first introduction to the human body.
Understanding the Pharmacology of Cocaine In the study published by Neal Benowitz in 1992, Benowitz aims to uncover the mysteries surrounding the chemical composition of cocaine. Since 1989, cocaine was commonly smoked in the United States and less likely to be injected through needle or insufflated (Benowitz, 1992). Cocaine can be obtained in the form of a crystalline salt (cocaine hydrochloride) or in small individual masses (crack cocaine) (Benowitz, 1992). According to Benowitz, crack cocaine became widely abused because it was significantly cheaper than cocaine hydrochloride; and crack provided vapors much more quickly in comparison …show more content…

However, very little information is given to describe the chemical content of cocaine and its origins. In contrast to the article published by Benowitz, this article begins at the core of its central study: the human heart. Without prior knowledge of the heart and its intricate components, this article may have been proven to be difficult for readers. The detailed explanations offered by Schwartz and his team require a second reading but accurately encompass the effects of such a deadly drug like cocaine and its impact on the

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Introduction Written and published in 2008 by Paul Gootenberg, History professor and Latin American studies at University of New York at Stony Brook, “Andean Cocaine: The Making of a Global drug” retraces the pivotal stages of the illicit cocaine trafficking, starting from the boundless coca fields in Latin America to the chemistry laboratories in Europe up until the streets of U.S. cities. The aim of this book review is to provide the reader with a short but detailed insight of what is the main content of the book, by paying particular attention to its structure, objectivity and style. Scope & Organisation Adopting a meticulous chronological approach, Gootenberg describes the infamous and complex untold history of cocaine, analysing and

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The crack epidemic in the US was appearent during the Reagan era. The war on drugs began when the CIA decided to bring the drug into the low income communities. This epidemic exploded before anyone really noticed. "Crack was a plague that spread through African American neighborhoods like wildfire" (Bean, 2014). Laws changed so that the powder meant you went to jail for longer even thoough it was a non-violent offense.

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Although cocaine is a harmful stimulant, its use comes from the most remote part of South America through the areas of Peru and Bolivia, although one of the main crops is in Colombia, its use is not new, since approximately 100 years on the American continent was already used. This use occurred because the farmers every morning took leaves from the cocaine plant and chewed it because its use made their physical resistance greater, reduced the sensation of hunger, and as a main function provided stability in the body of the animals. people high up in mountainous areas. It was not until 1859 that Albert Niemann managed to isolate the active compound from the cocaine plant, however, until 1880 it became popular in the medical area. In the year

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Native peruvians discovered coca leaves which they chewed. They chewed coca leaves for energy. Cocaine is from coca leaves. The substance is removed from the leaves and mixed with other things. Some of things it can be mixed with are cornstarch and powdered sugar.

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The opioid crisis in the United States has been a problem since the late 1970’s. The use of cocaine started increasing by the early 80’s. In this time, many considered cocaine to be the drug for the famous. At one point, it was called “the champagne of drugs,” which made people feel like they were living like the rich and the high-line people. All celebrities and famous athletes would take cocaine, therefore, all their fans followed in their footsteps.

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This formulation of cocaine is so stable that it cannot be transformed into a vapor for inhalation, instead it is snorted or injected intravenously. Prior to 1985, cocaine hydrochloride was the major form of cocaine available. Free base is a form of cocaine that is smoked by users. It is converted into this form by being extracted into a volatile organic solvent such as ether, resulting in two separate layers of which the upper layer consists of dissolved cocaine. Crack cocaine was the popular form of cocaine that showed an uproar in the 1980’s when it was discovered that mixing cocaine with simple household chemicals like baking soda and water resulted in a solid lump of smokable crack.

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