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How Does Stress Affect Child Development

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Stress and Child Development Stress is referred to as any uncomfortable emotional experience which is followed by predictable biochemical, physiological and behavioral changes (Baum, 1990). Factors that cause stress, otherwise known as stressors, stem from problems found in life, work, etc. Stress is a response that is caused by a demand. There are those who believe that stress is introduced in adulthood, especially the younger generation that makes the decision to venture off on their own by leaving the comfort of home and the care of parents. Others understand that stress is birthed much at the much younger age of adolescence. The daily struggles of a full day education and the desire to work are stressor. Famously enough, peer pressure …show more content…

Stress can have the power to deteriorate the human body mentally, emotionally and physically. It is known that stress can affect an unborn child significantly. At such a delicate time in child development, the stressors received by the mother can cause permanent damage to the unborn child. Maternal and prenatal stress and can affect brain development caused by adverse pregnancy outcomes, which include fetal growth retardation and autism (Relier, 2001). When an infant is frequently terrified, which triggers the brain to produce too many stress hormones early in life, it can cause the brain to become incapable of responding normally to stress. Later in life, the infant may become hypervigilant (always on the alert) or (emotionally flat) never happy, sad or angry (Berger, 2011). When stress is being prolonged in young children, it can stop or slow down brain development. Many young children have their frontal lobes not fully developed, this makes it difficult for their brain to respond rationally to stress. The comfort and reassurance of safety by the caregivers can help young children handle stress and stay

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Where children live and the way they are brought up by their parents/carers has an effect on whom they are as a person and how they will develop. For instance if parents are rich or poor, live in good or bad housing, if they are capable loving carers or struggle with parenthood and/or their own (mental) health, or if there is abuse or lack of interest in the family unit, all these circumstances will make a difference to a child’s life and their physical and emotional health might be affected by these different scenarios. A child’s family and their home should be their safe haven and if it is not, then it can have a serious affect on them emotionally. Some children might be negatively affected by situations in their live and they might be in need of help but unable to ask for- or obtain it, for instance respite care to help caring for a sick parent.

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One example, from ConnectUs, states most students have stressful school days. This stress can come from many things. Students have to sit in class and process what they are learning. They might have other activities such as band, choir, sports, speech, etc. The pressure to get good grades or do well is enormous.

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Teens today are fighting a losing battle against stress. Schools pressure teens into competing in tests and even when applying to colleges. According to Noelle Leonard, PhD, a senior research scientist at the New York University college of Nursing "School, homework, extracurricular activities, sleep, repeat—that's what it can be for some of these students."   Pressure from parents who expect too much, struggling with school work, applying to colleges, and participating in extracurricular activities all contribute to a teenager’s stress level. More than 27% of teens during the school year claim that they deal with “extreme stress” (Jayson Sharon, USA Today) that can affect everyday living for them, along with a majority of other stressors.

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After listening to Jack Shonkoff, director of the Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University argues experiences have a potential to change child growth later in life. The day we are born is when our brains are continuously developing throughout our life span such as things we experience and learn. For example, if a child is expose to violence and abuse at home. The child will have a higher chance of committing crimes and this is called toxic stress, Shonkoff mentions. Toxic stress is when the brain is unable to adapt to new situations and can potential damage child brain in terms of memory and learning.

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Children are like a plain paper who can be easily influenced by the environment of their living. The environment can affected the pattern of change in emotions, personality development and social relationship between people. In fact, the children purposely try to develop a better understanding of the environment and explore the world to fulfill their curiosity. At early stage, emotions are personally responses to the environment of surrounding, it can be pleasant or unpleasant that someone usually experienced cognitively, come along with some form of physiology arousal and usually expressed in some form of behavior or action which can be seen. There are primary and secondary emotions, primary emotions included fear, joy, disgust, surprise,

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Often, these high levels of stress can lead to academic failure (Kim, Oliveri, Riingin, Taylor, & Rankin, 2013). Stress can be defined from

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Babies are born with an innate ability to learn and their brain to develop after birth. The neural pathways of a human’s brain are built based on their early experience in the world. A baby’s world is based on how they are treated by people in it therefore if the environment is scary then the baby will be reluctant to explore, as demonstrated n Bowlby’s and Ainsworth’s attachment theory. The brain and body become wired enough to understand what is safe and what should be feared. The birth to 3 years of a child’s life is a critical period for the brain during child development and any deprivation during this will result in persistent deficits in cognitive, emotional and even physical health.

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Stress is something we all go through and over time our stress beings to build up. Many believe that stress starts to impact one 's life by the time they start middle school or the beginning of their teenage years. The transition from elementary to middle school into high school can be very intense. Students become highly influenced by their surroundings which makes them susceptible to descended into unhealthy coping mechanisms. At this point in time their lives are shifting dramatically, they will be encountering many different people.

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Recent findings explain that infant mental health show how development can be helped, how treatment can enhance brain development and psychological health, and how prevent strategies can make kids effect’s of neglect.

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Becoming a parent is a task that cannot be taken lightly. It is a task filled with frustration, responsibilities and dedication, but is also filled with joy and satisfaction. From children learning how to behave to them going out with friends, rules, standards and expectations are set mostly by their parents. Parents make most of their children’s decision in the first couple of years from behalf from what they eat for breakfast from setting their curfew as they get older. As children began grow, they began to make their own choices and learn to deal with the consequence of their mistakes.

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Overall, parental stress is most likely to lesson when infants are identified before three months of age (Yoshinaga-Itano & Gravel,

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According to National Institute of Health, stress is an internal state that people experience as they encounter changes throughout their lives. III. I have learned about the effects of stress due to my personal experience such as dealing with depression, weight gain, and being antisocial. IV. Today I will explain the physical, mental, and emotional effects of stress.

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Specific Purpose: To inform the audience about how stress develops and its effects on the workplace. Tentative Thesis: Though the definition of stress is already well-known among our society, we remain ignorant towards how stress develops everywhere and influences the workplace. Introduction I. Attention

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Acute stress or single exposure to stressor of minutes to hours will be not produce any ill effect as body have protective and adaptive effects managed by hormones and other physiological agents. However re-exposure has proven to be more enigmatic or difficult to reverse. Conrad et al (1999) stated that severe or prolonged exposure to stressors is harmful, brief or moderate stressors actually enhance neural function. Various behavioral studies focusing on the memory functions of the hippocampus have demonstrated that moderate stress enhances memory performance but severe stress causes adaptive plasticity and impairs memory. Prolonged stress produces interaction between local neurotransmitters and hormones leading to structural and functional damage causing suppression of neurogenesis.

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Having the right knowledge, skills and experience in understanding how children or young people develop are very important tools for early years practitioners. We must put to mind that each child born to this world is unique; they are born with different characters and their personalities and behaviours are formed and influenced by variety of factors. These factors may affect their ways of interacting to the environment and community or setting in which they live in. In my experience as a child care practitioner most of the time, adults mainly focus on the physical development of a child and so quick to base their conclusion or judgement on the physical aspect.

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