How Does The Doppler Affect The Development Of Ultrasound

The beginning of ultrasound dates back to its unsuccessful usage to detect submerged in water objects after the sinking of Titanic in 1912 and its development was carried out in 1917, when Paul Langevin invented the quartz sandwich transducer setting the basis for the new ultrasonic era. A few years later, the development of sonar and radar took place between the World War I and the World War II, with the radar using electromagnetic waves rather than ultrasound. The next use of high-frequency ultrasound was in order to detect any flaws in metals, while the importance of metal flaw detectors was growing as World War II was approaching. After World War II, the development of a pulse-echo technique took place in 1948-49 by Howry and Bliss, who

Generalizing the Doppler effect, it can be said that it is direction dependent, there is a change in the frequency or pitch of a wave because of the relative movement between the receiver and the source and that it can be demonstrated for any type of wave, including sound, light or ultrasound. As for the Doppler techniques, there are the two-dimensional colour-coded Doppler, two-dimensional power Doppler and three-dimensional power Doppler, which are used to determine the nature, location and quantity of vascularization in adnexal masses. These techniques are used to identify cystic endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease and adnexal torsion, while Doppler has also appeared as a predictor of pregnancy in assisted

(The umbilical cord insertion can be not located lateral or central onto the placental plate.) Also, a diagnosis of placenta accreta can occur, meaning the myometrical invasion by villi tissue, caused by the partial or complete absence of deciduas basalis or of placenta previa, which is an abnormal position of the placenta. (Placenta previa can be categorized as complete, incomplete, partial and low-lying placenta) Another diagnosis are the vascular chorioangiomas, which are associated with increased polyhydramnio and fetal growth retardation and associated with the latter, the vascular placental lesions, such as infarcts and large thrombosis. What is more, complete or partial hydatidiform mole, both associated with trophoblastic tumours and the absence of one umbilical artery causing many fetal anatomical defects can be diagnosed with the use of