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Hudson Bay Company Research Paper

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The Hudson Bay Company is a Canadian company that is one of the oldest in the world. Their initials HBC, are jokingly said to mean Here before Christ. The company was the major reason for growth in Canada. King Charles 11 of England is the reason the company was established in 1670, he granted the company a fur trade monopoly even though the land did not belong to him or his country. The success of HBC in the early years is due to the First Nations people, the Native American Indians that lived in the area. In the late 1600's, Britain became the driving force in the North American fur trade by establishing the Hudson Bay Company in 1670. The King of England granted the company trading privileges in an area fifteen times the size of Britain. …show more content…

From the Indian tribes who lived in Canada and surrounding areas, who caught and killed the animals for their fur to individual men who worked for HBC in the early years. Henry Kelsey, an apprentice who joined HBC in 1677 made the first journey into the prairie in 1690. Alexander Mackenize, who later was knighted, was the most, famous fur trader of this day. Mackenize pushed the trade boundaries further westward. Many of his trade expeditions were historical achievements: in 1789 he traveled 1,600 miles and back in 102 days, and 1793 he crossed the Rocky Mountains and reached the Pacific Ocean. Also, Peter Ogden traveled into the interior of North America. He was the first non Indian to winter on the prairies, in …show more content…

They started a wholesale department in 1907 to sell liquor, tobacco, coffee, tea and blankets. Two years later the company reorganized itself into three divisions: retail, fur trade, and land. After World War 1 the company ventured into the oil business. While they stopped dealing with land in the 1940s, retail stores were their top priority early in the 20th century. In 1970, the companies 300th year of existence, the Queen of England granted HBC a new charter and it changed from a British company to a Canadian company. In 1991 they temporarilly left the Canadian fur trade because anti-fur groups targeted them, only to reopen their fur stores in 1997, Today, Hudson's Bay Company, is one of the fastest growing department store retailers in the world, because of its successful formula of driving the performance of high quality stores and growing through acquiring other businesses. Hudson Bay Company includes Hudson's Bay, Lord and Taylor, Saks Fifth Avenue, Gilt, Saks OFF 5th, Find @ Lord and Taylor and Home Outfitters. They operate more than 460 stores and employ 66,000 employees around the world. Their claim " Canada's Merchants since 1670" is an accurate statement. Their legacy has been maintained by 347 years of detailed record- Keeping and archiving of this material by the company. There is no indication the Hudson Bay Company will not continue to thrive for

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Peter Skene Ogden was born in 1794. Ogden was an experienced trapper and mountain man who remained with the Hudson’s Bay Company, after its 1821 merger with the North West Fur Company. Shortly after that he was made leader of the Snake River Expeditions by John Mcloughlin. He also was instructed to continue the British policy of creating a “fur desert”. Ogden with a brigade of 131, pushed south from flathead house toward Utah in December 1824.

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Ogden led annanual trading expeditions to deal with native Americans, He discovered the Humboldt river, and the Carson and Owen lakes. He rescued survivors from the Whitman massacre. Peter knew many native languages, spoke French like English, was a chief trader, and had

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Peter Skene Ogden was a very successful trapper and explorer without him the territory that now makes up the states of Washington, Oregon, California, Nevada, Utah Idaho and Montana would remain undiscovered. The document “PETER SKENE OGDEN 'S JOURNAL OF HIS EXPEDITION TO UTAH, 1825” gives details about one of his most famous expeditions. It is significant because it shows what Ogden and his group experienced and the hardships they had to overcome. It also lays out a map of which way Ogden traveled with his group. Ogden was a Canadian by birth, but was a descendant of early American Ancestors.

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Most trading posts were lead by European traders, because there was not much of tree land left in Europe, so there was less fur in the area and that lead to trading in Canada. Beaver fur was the most valuable, because it was the best fur for making felt. To trade, groups such as the First Nations and the Inuits, would bring there furs to the trading posts, and trade for there goods. Later a group of men at the trading posts, decided to go look for there own furs, and they were called the coureur de bois. The coureur de bois were french-Canadian’s that traveled through New France and North America.

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Although Lewis and Clark did not accomplish their goal, they made their journey a success. First, Thomas Jefferson bought some massive land called,” The Louisiana Purchase” in 1803. He needed someone to study the vast land, and also see if there was a way to the Pacific Ocean. The president of 1803, Thomas Jefferson, sent Meriwether Lewis and William Clark, along with soldiers and various supplies. As Lewis in as the leader, and Clark in second commander, Jefferson created a group as of today, called the Corps of Discovery.

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During the time of the 1650’s the Americas were not a part of what is now the United States and other countries in Central America and as well as the Caribbean. During those years European countries who were dominate in exploring the world and conquering new lands were the British, Spanish, French and the Dutch. The world economy was greatly impacted by the production of goods the Americas could provide Europe and even parts of Asia. The America’s were rich in materials that could not be made vastly, like the production of cotton, crops, tobacco and as well as natural gems like gold and silver that would increase wealth of the country who was exploring the region at the time. The British crown at the time was a powerful nation and if not the most powerful in wealth and military with great number of troops and

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The Lewis and Clark expedition was the first American exploration across the western part of the United States. They were known as the “Corps”. While exploring Lewis and Clark encountered a with Native American tribe. The tribe exchanged knowledge, ideas, and items to help Lewis and Clark with their journey. Their exploration find a practical route across the Western half of the continent.

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The English established posts in the Hudson River Valley and, allied with the Iroquois, engaged in a fierce competition with the French traders (allied mainly with the Hurons) for control of the trade in the central interior region. Until the early 18th century most of the latter were organized as independent proprietors or partnerships but, as the Montreal-based trade expanded further into the continental interior, increasing amounts of capital were required and a number of larger organizations were formed. Most of these were financed by wealthy Montreal "bourgeois", some of whom organized small companies to lease trading posts and hire workers to voyage west each spring with trade goods and bring back furs in the fall. (Some historians speculate that these fur-trading groups, largely concentrated in Montreal, constituted the beginning of a local, French Canadian business class, the further development of which was cut short by the British conquest in the 1760’s.) The trade goods they used were usually obtained through other Montreal merchants, some of whom also acted as intermediaries in marketing the furs in France.

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“Lewis and Clark traveled over 8,000 miles in less than 2 1/2 years, losing only one member of their party, at a total cost to the taxpayer of $40,000 (NPS, 2021).” Lewis and Clark’s team mapped uncharted land, rivers, and mountains. “They brought back journals filled with details about Native American tribes and scientific notes about plants and animals they’d never seen before. They also brought back stories—tales that made other Americans dream about heading west (National Geographics for kids, N.D).” They set up camp in Fort Mandan, near modern day Bismarck and made many relationships with the nearby tribes.

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530 Words | 3 Pages

In Corps of Discover, 2016, “Although it was not successful, “Lewis and Clark achieved an impressive record of peaceful cooperation with the Indians and generated American interest in the fur trade” (Corps of Discover, 2016). On April 7, 1805 the Lewis and Clark exploration provided all gathered information from the trip and sent it to Missouri making the expedition results vitally important to the nations growth by providing information from the crews hard work (Corps of Discover, 2016). As rightfully noted in The Lewis and Clark Expedition, 2016, “The Lewis and Clark Expedition are often called the greatest adventure in American history. ”(The Lewis and Clark Expedition, 2016), and as

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French Exploration in the New World French Exploration began about forty years after Columbus sailed to the new world. They hoped to find a passageway that would get them to the east to trade, through America, Along with spreading Christianity with the natives and claiming land. The French found that Furs were a large thing on the trade market. So fur trading became a huge part in French History in America.

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Throughout the centuries of North American history many types of trades have helped the economy develop. One of the most lucrative means of trade was the fur trade which began, and thrived, in the 1500’s. Trading furs for profits or for other goods in North America began when fisherman bartered their fish for other goods. As fur trading became more popular large, convenient entrances opened such as the opening through the Hudson Strait and the Hudson Bay, which allowed for further, larger trade throughout the northern lands. The location of the exchange network in the Hudson area led to a high consumerism which would eventually be known as the Hudson’s Bay Company, the oldest department store chain in North America.

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In the 16th and 17th century the discovery of the western coast America was possibly one of the most historic moments in history, although the much lesser known discovery of the north-eastern Hemisphere of America by the Russians also had quite an impact on the land. When Europeans first came to America they had encountered American natives and many different plants and animals, but what they had brought with them possibly had more effect than what they had learned from America. Russia and Europe both came to America and very similar intentions. Europe came looking for trade routes, ended up farming like crazy. Russia had come looking for furred mammals and possible colonialization, due to overhunting in Siberia.

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The right to trade was granted by the Massachusetts Bay Company in 1629, as the farming soil was of low quality and so only

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