Answer 1
a) Female, primary, age 75
Cause of amputation P.V.D.
General muscular weakness
Medium length stump in good condition
The female is 75 years old and have general muscular weakness, with stump in good condition. It puts patient in K1 scale level. Quadrilateral socket with socks, stability is primary in this case, because of P. V. D. can cause problems with over excretion of liquid. Quadrilateral socket does not compressed stump that much and les problems can be expected (Lusardi, et al., 2013).
Total elastic suspension system for 75 years old woman with general muscular weakness is suitable solution because is no need much effort to put residual limb in socket and strap prothesis with comfort neoprene belt (Lusardi, et al., 2013).
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The hydraulic knee unit with swing and stance control (SNS), provide fluid swing phase control for patients who are active and want the ability to change cadence. Hydraulic knee is cadence responsive and if gait speed changes shin angular velocity changes. Hydraulic fluid cause friction resistance in narrow channels, which incise with speed of compression. Resistance to knee flection provide SNS, what allow to patient grater security of walking uneven surfaces or more natural gait pattern uphill and downstairs. That kind of knee allows knee locked to walking on rug surface (Lusardi, et al., 2013).
Carbon fibre composite feet with energy-storing dynamic response for active patients. It means energy store feet and gives push-off to provide rapid movement of shin during swing phase. Foot is intended for faster walking patients using transfemoral prosthesis. It has mediolateral adaption on surface, what enable more comfortable walk on uneven surfaces. It enables include shock absorber what is really usable for active patients (Lusardi, et al.,
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Equinovarus foot cause forces on AFO as figure 1 shown. Fe1, Fe2 and Fe3 are forces caused by equinus, Fv1, Fv2 and Fv3 Are forces caused by varus and Fs1, Fs2 and Fs3 are forces caused by foot drop. Ankle foot orthosis is made to wear in shoe to provide binding foot with orthoses the same task has band on shank. Material for orthosis is polypropylene Polypropylene is durable and the strongest thermoplastic available for making orthosis, on prominent bone spots can be placed the prelate foam to prevent the skin abrasion and irritation (Showers & Strunck, n.d.).
b) Orthosis for post-poliomyelitis patients
Orthosis for post-poliomyelitis patients shows figure 2, because of weak ankle, PTB (patella tibial bearings) provide unloading, PTB is supported with two pylons, lateral and medial, they connect foot with PTB. Foot plate takes over load of PTB. To provide knee stability needs two bandages on thigh to correct A/P instability of knee. Knee joint provides flexion and extension stability and prevent hyperextension of knee and fall caused by Knee extensor weakness (Lusardi, et al., 2013). Figure 2, Orthosis for Polio, & Post-Polio