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Advantages to alternatives to incarceration
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Contrast the Pennsylvania and the New York penitentiary theories of the 1800s Having studied the history of prison systems of Pennsylvania and New York tell us that the prisoners were in more isolation in Pennsylvania then those serving time in New York prison system. In Pennsylvania the inmates worked, ate, slept alone. However, in New York prison system the inmates worked, and ate together. List and briefly explain the four types of prisons Prisons can be described in four categories. First are the maximum-security prisons.
what role did William Penn and Pennsylvania Quakers play in the development of the use of prisons in the United States? William Penn and the Pennsylvania Quakers started a prison system that centered on rehabilitation through religious reflection. They were very modern in the time as far as how prison life can impact a persons mental health. The Quakers wanted to avoid incarceration in possible and instead believed in inmate reform not public humiliation which was common during that time period. What are the key differences between the Pennsylvania System and the Auburn System of imprisonment?
Halfway through the 18th century, the United States was serving as a model for prisons. Dix was revolutionary in reforming prisons. She convinced states to invest in libraries, basic education, and more care for the men, women, and even children imprisoned in the jails and penitentiaries whereas abuse regularly occurred (Parry). Pennsylvania was a key role model for prisons all over the United States. This state’s prisons were known for having “two of the best prisons in the world” (“Prison and Asylum
The U.S. prison systems has evolved greatly in the pasts centuries in many ways, but the most critical part where it greatly improved was the security of the facilities, the inmate treatment, and the construction of the building of how stable it is. The first and most important is the security. A prison system has to have a strict security system because without it prisoners can do whatever they want. So, they developed a security system where there are five levels: the higher the level is the stronger it is. Not all prisons do the same security because different buildings mean different levels.
Prisons in the 1840s were tough and gross. The crime rate went from 5,000 a year in 1800 to 20,000 in 1840. The punishments could be execution or they could be sent to Australia, America, or Tasmania. During the 1940s, prisons were nasty and unhealthy.
Queen Elizabeth’s rule sported a new humanistic culture and higher literacy rates in England that have not been seen before with previous ruling monarchs. According to Elizabethan England, more books and pamphlets were published in England. This is caused by a growth in printing which in turn means books could be made for less money and significantly less time. The sheer amounts of books now being produced allows cheaper and easier access to books for everyone. With more access to books, literacy rates were able to increase such as the yeomen who “were illiterate at the start of Elizabeth’s reign but literate by its end” (177).
1. Before the rise of imprisonment there were a number of alternatives to incarceration that were being used. These alternatives include; flogging, which is historically, the most widely used of physical punishment. The bible mentions instances of whipping, and Christ himself was scourged. Whipping was widely used in England throughout the Middle Ages, and some offenders were said to have been beaten as they ran through the streets, hands tied behind their backs.
In Adam Gopnik 's piece “Caging of America,” he discusses one of the United States biggest moral conflicts: prison. Gopniks central thesis states that prison itself is a cruel and unjust punishment. He states that the life of a prisoner is as bad as it gets- they wake up in a cell and only go outside for an hour to exercise. They live out their sentences in a solid and confined box, where their only interaction is with themselves. Gopnik implies that the general populace is hypocritical to the fact that prison is a cruelty in itself.
Screams and cries of insanity can still be heard echoing down the halls of Eastern State as men and women were being hooded in order to leave their cells. The faint cries of children can be heard as they were roaming around half clothed in Pennhurst. The cells in Eastern State were surprisingly accommodating considering the circumstances, but they were not someplace a person would call “home”. Life in either of these facilities was nowhere near enjoyable. If someone was not crazy when admitted they soon would become so.
Plainly put, incarceration is the state of imprisonment or confinement to prison. Yet, there is more to incarceration than meets the eye. The public knows that when an individual commits a crime that individual is arrested, brought to trial, if guilty he or she is incarcerated, and then released. However, no one ever really questions what occurs between the initial day of incarceration and an individual's release. The memoir, Orange is the New Black:
First you hate them, then you get used to them. Enough time passes, you get so you depend on them. That 's institutionalized.’ A prison should aim at retribution, incapacitation, deterrence and rehabilitation. I am very well convinced that prison has served its first three purposes by depriving offenders’ freedom, but the
Crime and punishment during the Elizabethan era was both violent and extremely unfair, and if I do say so myself that is a deadly combination. Crimes during this period ranged from spying on your country, to begging in the streets. Punishment could be anywhere from whipping to being burned on a stake. To add to that, depending on your social class things could either be either more harsh or less severe. The social status of the criminal had a large impact on the type of crime committed as well as the punishment that was issued.
England were very diverse. One could be sent to various prisons, sent to a penal colony, or even imprisoned on an immobile ship. Laws and their corresponding punishments may seem extreme to people in the present day, yet in this time period it was completely typical. Following the legal procedure of the time, to be punished for a particular crime one would first have to commit a crime.
Those who find themselves sentenced to time in a penitentiary, jail, or prison are at risk of either being broken or strengthened by the time they spend behind bars. There is a great debate of whether or not the prison system in the United States is positive or negative. The following will briefly highlight the positives, negatives, and possible alternatives for our nation's prison system. First, there is a long list of negatives that the prison system in America brings. The prison system is filled with crime, hate, and negativity almost as much as the free world is.
The Scarlet Letter is focalized on the consequences of adultery for a female in Puritan society. A young woman, Hester Prynne, is punished for adultery that resulted in her daughter Pearl. Hawthorne describes the emotional impact of the punishment and how the Puritan society treats Hester afterwards. Hester Prynne is forced to stand on a scaffold in public and wear the letter “A” on her chest as a reminder of her sin. As seen in her punishment, the Puritan justice system is vastly unique from today’s modern justice system.
