Lifestyle and environmental factors have been closely analyzed for any links that may increase breast cancer risk. During research, it has been found that newer lab tests that are more sensitive, can detect cancer cells that maybe have broken away from the tumor in order to help predict the recurrence of the
Working with Affiliates allows the collaborating partners to avoid repeating work, share resources and bring partners together with a common objective. The purpose is to detect the most complicated breast health in multiple communities and to safeguard the highest quality of breast
Women attaining lower incomes are more likely to experience the worst outcomes when they are diagnosed with breast cancer. Hence, studies have demonstrated that African American women are 40% to 70% risk of being diagnosed with stage 4
One could argue that the people of the western United States would never consider the arguments made in The Communist Manifesto due to their patriotism and their ignorance of the national economical issues. This assumption is false, however, because some of the farmers had already thought similar ideas to what is in The Communist Manifesto, and the document would only organize and put their own thoughts into words. One example of this would be Tom Joad’s idea to have “them people [get] together and says, ‘let ‘em rot.’ Wouldn’ be long ‘fore the price went up, my God!” (Steinbeck, 317).
But not all tumors are life-threatening. Experts say doctors can’t tell which breast tumors are harmless; so many mammograms produce a “false positive”. These false results can cause women to have surgery, radiation and other unnecessary treatments.
Breast cancer is the second largest cause of cancer death
Risks Detection and Treatment.” The text highlights the significance of detecting breast cancer through the presence of a lump in or around the breast. Denton notes that while the presence of a painless and hard lump increases the likelihood of it being cancerous, it is crucial to understand that even soft and painful lumps can have a chance of being cancerous. This shows the importance of taking proactive measures in self-examination and seeking medical attention for any abnormalities found. In Sharma’s journal “Various Types and Management of Breast Cancer:
LIving with cancer with dignity I am not ill. My cancer is just crazy !! My body is my love letter and I am the author of my ownhealth !! Cancer!
Pathologic grading is based on Modified Bloom Richardson scoring which utilizes three variables: gland-formation (tubularity), degree of variation in nuclear size and shape (pleomorphism), and ‘hyper chromatic figures’ as an estimate of proliferation(Bloom HJG et al 1957 and S. THORESENet al1982). The College of American Pathologists and the World Health Organization endorse this classification. The basic principle is summation of scores for the three variables, each of which is assigned from one to three points according to degree of departure from normal breast epithelium. A total score of 5 or less defines grade 1, 6–7 points grade 2 and 8–9 points grade 3. ( Spitale, A. Et al 2009)
Cancer is horror that is currently plaguing many families around the world. It has ripped families apart as many people have lost loved ones or other relatives to cancer. Even you, the reader, may know someone has suffered or died of cancer. Breast cancer has the second highest mortality rate for women in the United States, and is the most commonly occurring cancer in women all around the world. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC) is the most common form of breast cancer, as 80 percent of breast cancer diagnoses are IDC.
Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that starts in the cells of the breast("What's Breast Cancer"). A malignant tumor is a group of cancer cells that can grow into surrounding tissues or spread to distant areas of the body("What's Breast Cancer"). In this term paper I will briefly talk about cancer and its origins, then, in more detail, go on to address what breast cancer is, how it affects one's body, and how one can detect it. Cancers have been known to mankind since ancient times(Mandal). Of the top 10 leading causes of death in the US, cancer is second(Nichols).
Breast cancer is a disease in which certain cells in the breast or breasts become abnormal and start multiplying without control in order to form a tumor. It can be passed down from one generation to another, or it can be an alteration in the DNA of one breast cell for reasons that are unclear and unknown. According to the American Cancer Society (2014), “Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in the U.S, exceeded only by heart disease, accounting for nearly 1 of every 4 deaths.” Genetics play a big role in determining whether a woman will develop breast cancer or not during her lifetime.
Breast Cancer is a disease which can affect both men and Women. In women it is basically a malignant tumour which begins in the breast cells. It can invade the surrounding tissues or metastasize to different areas of the body (American Cancer Society). It is a heterogeneous disease, so it has several causes or etiologies. There is a wide range of tumours that are classified into tumour profiles, many levels of treatment sensitivity and degrees in development (Polyak 2011).
Statement of the Problem Most breast cancer cases are found in women over 35, but tumors that are found in younger women tend to be more aggressive and are associated with lower survival rates (Norman & Cooper, 2011). On average the size of a breast cancer tumor among young women between the ages 16-20 are slightly larger and more progressive than a tumor found in a woman older than 35 (Shin, Park & Kim, 2012). If a lump is found at an early stage there are more chances in removing the cancer before it spreads to other parts of the body. Improving the likelihood that a specific treatment will be successful is merely finding the cancer as soon as possible (Chowdhury & Sultana 2011).
Physical Assessment: Objective Data To determine that a patient may be at risk for breast cancer, conducting a physical assessment before any other diagnostics tests is vital. The nurse would be able to collect all the necessary data and findings to formulate a nursing diagnosis to refer to the appropriate health care professionals. As per the physical assessment of the breasts, the nurse will conduct inspection and palpation of the breasts and axillae of the patient to determine if there are any abnormal findings that may pose as manifestations of breast cancer. Note: There is no auscultation step of the physical breast examination.
