Internet Protocol Advantages And Disadvantages

Today, the need and demand for internet has reached all walks of life. With internet being consumed worldwide by mobile users, the numbero. of internet users has been only going up. The internet is full of Data (information) traversing from a source to its destination. The information, so that it reaches the destination in lightning speed , is split into smaller data parts known as data packets. These data packets are split in such a way that all of the packets can be put together at the destination and you can have the entire information . The rules that are used to split and reconstruct the packets are called as Internet Protocol (IP). The IP defines the rules and conventions for communication between network devices. Computer networks

Versions of IP - Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) and version 6 (IPv6).

3. Name resolution the numeric IP address values.

1.1 Internet Protocol (IP)

In the mid-1970s, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), developed the Internet Protocol when USA worked on a packet-switched network to provide a facility through which communication is possible between different computer systems. The concept of IP is similar to a postal system. Your information is addressed like a package and sent through the system , but there is no direct link exists between dispatcher and the receiver.

IP is the network layer protocol of the Open System Interconnection (OSI) model which that defines the communication between computer systems over the interconnected networks. Basically it’s a rule that describes how network layer works and interact between systems. These hosts may be on the same or different network.

IP has the following primary responsibilities:

i. Delivery of Data Packets: As we already define that protocol on the internet has a technique to send and receive the message in the form of small size data units called data packets or data grams. Internet protocol defines how these packets moves from the source to the

• IP Header Length (IHL) — describes the maximum 4-bit header length of the datagram.

• Type-of-Service— indicates how a datagram is handled by an upper-layer protocol and assigns them with levels of importance.

• Total Length—indicates the total length of the entire IP packet, including the data and header (length = 16bits).

• Identification—it contains an integer that identifies the present data gram. If datagram (packets) reaches maximum transfer unit then again it is divided into small packets called fragmentation and for a single datagram all fragments have the same identification number.

• Flags— Flags also indicates the fragmentation information, it is 3-bit long in which 2- bit indicates control fragmentation and the next lower order bit specifies whether the packet can be fragmented. 1st bit is reserved or must be zero, 2nd bit is for do not fragment and 3rd bit is for more fragment.

• Fragment Offset—indicates the place of the fragment’s data relative to the start of the data in the original datagram, which allows the destination internet protocol, process to appropriately restructure the original