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Jamestown: First In America

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First in America

In 1607 rich, lazy English merchants sailed to the new world. They landed in modern day Virginia. Their settlement was named Jamestown after King James of England. The land was a wet, swampy wilderness, which led to the struggle to survive. Most of them lost their lives. After a few months almost half of them had died. For certain no one would have lived if not for the noble Captain John Smith. Wisely, Captain John Smith hastily formed a rule that if you didn’t work you didn’t eat. When they looked for gold they didn’t find it, but they found tobacco which was better. They were able to grow this money crop in abundance. It was a hit! Jamestown is famous for being the first settlement and is still there today.
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In order to launch a new colony, colonists must possess certain skills that would increase their chance of survival. Such was not the case with the settlers of Jamestown, Virginia. One hundred ten passengers boarded three English ships, in the hopes of establishing a new colony in North America. In the spring of 1607, they sailed through the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay, and they would create the first permanent English settlement. However, the realities of creating a new colony did not meet their expectations.

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The colony of Jamestown was at a population of 504 after an arrival of a fleet of 9 ships carrying women, men, children and much needed food and supplies. Captain John Smith took hold of the chaotic government and put in place rigid policies of discipline and agricultural cultivation. In 1608 a gunpowder accident wounding Smith, his rivals used this opportunity to force him to return to England and name George Percy as his successor as president of the council. The day before John Smith’s departure, Captain Davis arrived with 16 other men adding to the population of Jamestown. However, a few weeks later, president Percy sent Captain Ratcliffe to build a fort for fishing and trade at Point Comfort.

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The colonists of Jamestown endured many hardships in their colony due to their location, lack of planning and poor leadership. After the failure of Roanoke, colonists set up another colony in present day Virginia about 30 miles up the James River from the Atlantic Coast in 1607. The location only set Jamestown into a pit of despair when they figured out it was a horrible spot. The land was swampy, making the land ill-suited for growing crops, not to mention it was plagued by mosquitoes that carried diseases such as Malaria that killed most of the colonists, and the brackish tidal water was unsuitable for drinking.

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