John Muir, a naturalist and preservation pioneer of nature took an ethical stand for land ethics when he shared his thoughts that all living things are equally important parts of the land, and animals and plants have as much right to live and survive as people do. In the 1600’s when Europeans began to settle in North America, there were 1037 million acres of forestland. Today, a little over 700 million acres in the United States is forestland—only thanks to preservation laws. In the 1800’s, that number of tress and forests decreased tremendously because expansion and progression recklessly exploited natural resources by clear-cutting forest to use wood for fuel and building supplies.
In the auto-biographical excerpt from Ornithological Biographies by John James Audubon, he depicts his intriguing encounter with the wild pigeons of Ohio, while in Annie Dillard's engaging excerpt from Pilgrim at Tinker Creek, she illustrates her thought-provoking observation of the Starling roost migration. Both writers had an overriding passion that showed through in the diction, tone, and syntax of their pieces. Because of these different infatuations both authors use different literary devices that match their feelings of how they view the birds and how the birds affected them. The authors were very different in their tonality of the excerpts, as in how Audubon was a scientist studying the life of birds, but Dillard had a passion for the arts. Therefore both writers had a very different style of writing.
John Muir was naturalist, author, philosopher, and a great advocate for preservation in which he took interest in since he was very young. Later in his life, he wrote many letters, essays, and books telling of his adventures in nature which were read by millions. His most powerful quote consisted of few words, “Climb the mountain and get their good tidings, Nature’s peace will flow into you as the sunshine into the trees Although both Gifford Pinchot and John Muir sought the need of nature in humanity, their views greatly differed. Pinchot saw conservation as a means of managing the nation’s natural resources for long-term sustainable commercial use. On the other hand, Muir sided more with preserving the land than conserving (Muir, John).
Nature is not only the trees, leaves, and, soil but, it encompasses a wide variety of things that cover both physical, mental, and even spiritual elements. Most important to Feige is that “Nature is infinitely large and varied”, omnipresent throughout the world (9). Nature can not be confined to a single presence but underlies in everything in the world. By Feige’s definition of nature “A body’s flesh blood and bone” also fall into the natural order of the world which expands nature’s reach to all of mankind. The main idea Feige stresses to the reader about nature, is that everything from a wooden farm to the American Republic is rooted in the natural order of things.
In his passage from “Last Child in the Woods,” Richard Louv uses various rhetorical strategies in order to make his audience more supportive of his argument. The passage discusses the connection, or really the separation, between people and nature. On this subject, Louv argues the necessity for people to redevelop their connection with nature. His use of tone, anecdotes, rhetorical questions, and factual examples all help develop the pathos and logos of his piece.
In Jon Krakauer’s fiction narrative, Into the Wild, he portrays Chris McCandless as a self-reliant and thoughtless young man. Unfortunately, he sadly passed after a unprepared journey into the Alaskan wilderness. Through a closer examination on his actions and words it reveals he was a deeply appreciative and misunderstood person. McCandless showed his appreciation of the world with his love for nature.. During his travels he took great joy in the beauty of nature and the idea of living with such a gift.
While reading this story, I found myself daydreaming about being in a forest during a windstorm. It would be very breathtaking to someday go into the wilderness and experience something like John Muir experienced. Some may think that it is a very intense reading, but to me, it was such a relaxing story. I learned an important thing from this reading; I found out that even though the author's purpose was to entertain his audience, he proved that what may seem like a storm to someone, one can always find the bright side to everything. He was in the forest during a fierce storm, and instead of being worried about how he was going to get out of there, he chose to stay and look at the bright side.
In the novel The Martian by Andy Weir, there are many prominent themes used throughout the book, with the main ones being isolation and perseverance. Firstly, the theme of isolation is used heavily throughout the book. “Pathfinder’s dead. I’ve lost the ability to contact Earth. I’m on my own.”
As it is stated in the quotation, everything on earth has its own story which may be heard by real listeners. In order to be an enthusiastic listener, one should give enough attention to the silence. What is called modern today is erasing the link between people and the nature day by day. People have exploited nature continuously thinking that it is a mere entity in order to serve them. In this respect, I will explain Linda Hogan’s book, People of the Whale, in the light of Christopher Manes’ article named “Nature and Silence.”
The Woods and the Wild “I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived” (Thoreau, 74). These are the words of political activist, writer, and Transcendentalist, Henry David Thoreau from his novel, Walden. Thoreau was at the time completely oblivious that he would leave a legacy so powerful, so influence, that literature students and soul-seeker alike centuries later. One of Thoreau’s most serious admirers was young Christopher or “Chris” McCandless.
Richard Louv, a novelist, in Last Child in the Woods (2008) illustrates the separation between humans and nature. His purpose to the general audience involves exposing how the separation of man from nature is consequential. Louv adopts a sentimental tone throughout the rhetorical piece to elaborate on the growing separation in modern times. Louv utilizes pathos, ethos and logos to argue that the separation between man and nature is detrimental.
The beauty of nature reforms itself in the mind, and not for barren contemplation, but for new creation.” Every individual has its own beauty in nature, which ultimately
In “The Birth and Death of Meaning” by Ernest Becker he is making an argument on the problems of man (Becker, 1971). Becker makes an argument on the reasons why people act the way that they do (1971). In chapter 10 Becker lists six of the common problems with humans (1971). The first question with the problem with humans is “what is the relation of man to nature?” (Becker, 1971, p. 114).
In the essay Nature by Ralph Waldo Emerson, the author believes that nature is a wonderful being, it is to be revered, and that nature is better than most people. Emerson conveys this attitude through the use of figurative language, comparing, and contrasting. Mainly, Emerson uses personification to represent nature as a living, breathing thing that is wiser than many humans. In addition, Emerson uses comparisons to show that only wise men know not to show a mean appearance, but this is a concept that nature easily grasps. Finally, Emerson uses contrasting to show that children can connect to nature easier than adults due to their simplistic outlook on life.
Nature is easily projected onto, as it allows for a sense of peacefulness and escapism. Due to its ability to evoke an emotional reaction from the masses, many writers have glorified it through various methods, including describing its endless beauty and utilizing it as a symbol for spirituality. Along with authors, artists also show great respect and admiration for nature through paintings of grandiose landscapes. These tributes disseminate a fixed interpretation of the natural world, one full of meaning and other worldly connections. In “Against Nature,” Joyce Carol Oates strips away this guise given to the environment and replaces it with a harsher reality.
