John Proctor's Use Of Dramatic Irony In The Crucible

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Irony saturates Arthur Miller's "The Crucible" as characters who profess to combat the Devil's influence ultimately perpetrate it themselves. The rigid pursuit of suspected witches, intended to cleanse Salem, instead plunges the town into deeper chaos and paranoia, culminating in utter havoc. Act 1 exposes significant ironies revolving around Abigail Williams. Despite John’s rejection, Abigail fabricates lies and seizes control over the society she despises. Her deceitful facade mirrors the duplicity she denounces. In Act 2, John Proctor's guilt over his involvement with Abigail becomes evident in an ironic exchange with Reverend Hale. When asked to recite the commandments, he forgets adultery, the very sin he has committed, betraying his