In this chapter, the researcher discusses the literature which is focusing directly to the impact that social media has on leadership, the definition of social media, types of social media, advantages and disadvantages of social media and social media for leadership. In addition the literature covers a definition of leadership, leadership effectiveness as well as social media and leadership. The chapter concludes with a discussion on social media and leadership effectiveness, followed by concluding remarks.
2.2. Social Media defined
Kaplan and Haenlein (2010) describes social media as, a set of worldwide web based interconnected applications developed through the ideas characterised by technology which is underpinned by Web 2.0, to enable
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2.3. Social Media types of tools
Grahl (2015), founder and president of Outthink categorises social media into six main types, being social networks (facebook and linkedIn), media sharing (YouTube and Instagram), microblogging (twitter), bookmarking sites (delicious and Stumble Upon), social news (dig and reddit) and blog comments and forums (blog topic discussions). The most commonly used tools are Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn, Google+, Instagram and Youtube,
Cavazza (2013) stated that social media tools can be applied in four different ways of sharing information, discussions, networking and availing information by means of publishing. These tools can be referred to as wikis, podcasts, blogs, forums, and social media networks which are prevalent (Bundesverband Digitaler Wirtschaft 2008; Kilian 2010). Cavazza (2013) also mentioned that Facebook, Twitter and Google, are the most popular social media tools and these tools can be classified as
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These tools are used to share photos, books, music and other form of presentations. Facebook is the most globally utilised tool which allows users to develop individual profiles with information of a personal nature but accessible to their associates who can converse with them anytime (Kaplan and Haenlein, 2010). As such organisations are also using this tool to market their company brands and products and realising the importance of communicating through these tools (Kaplan and Haenlein, 2010).
It has also been observed that a lot of corporations are utilizing social media tools during their hiring processes, with some jobs being advertised on social media and enabling applicants to post their applications on the social media applications. Recruiters and HR partners are constantly turning to social media to market their companies to prospective applicants (Laick & Dean, 2011). This trend is called “social hiring” and it is largely driven by the millennials who are constantly changing jobs.
According to (Schramm, 2016) 54% of recruiters use Facebook, 8% use Google+ and Youtube; and 4% use Pinterest. Social media usage does come with its own risks, however companies have recognised that social media does come with a lot of benefits including effective marketing, internal and external