INTRODUCTION: Lipase also called as triacylglycerol acylhydrolaseis an enzyme known for its enormous applications for industry and diagnostics. Their basic activity is to convert fats into fatty acids and glycerol. These enzymes are water soluble in nature. They also convert polar solvents into more lipolytic substances. In 1856, a scientist name claude Bernard has identified lipase [1]. Lipases are serine hydrolases containing G-X1-S-X2-G sequences as the catalytic part of the particle, where G = glycine, S = serine, X1 = histidine, X2 = glutaminic or aspartic acid. Such structure is characteristic also for serine proteases. The knowledge of their 3-dimensional structure plays a significant role in designing and structuring lipases …show more content…
Food industry. 2. Dairy industry. 3. Cosmetic industry. 4. Detergent. 5. Tanning industry. By analysing current potent and catalytic activity of the lipase enzyme, these are considered to be of great use in the class of industrial enzymes. After proteases and amylases which have a great use in industry, the lipases are regarded to have the third volume sales up, up to billions of dollars, showing their application flexibility and potent. They are also most chosen biocatalysts due to their unique characteristics such as chemo-, region- and enantioselectivities. These characteristics allow us to produce drugs, agroproducts and fine chemicals. STRUCTURE The lipases are found in nature. There are many types of lipases. In common most of the lipases are having an alpha or beta hydrolase folding addition to it they also have chymotrypsin like catalytic activity. PHYSIOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION: These lipase enzymes have a widespread biological activity in biological processes from usual metabolism of dietary triglycerides to signalling pathways and inflammatory mechanisms. Thus they are both intracellular and extracellular. 1. Lysosome cell organelle has …show more content…
Usually, the microbial enzymes have various potential uses in industries and medicine. The microbial enzymes are also more reliable than plant and animal enzymes as they are more stable and active. Also the microorganisms demonstrate an alternative source of enzymes because they can be cultured in large quantities in a short time by fermentation and owing to their biochemical diversity and susceptibility to gene manipulation. Industries are looking for new microbial strains in order to produce different enzymes to fulfil the current enzyme