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Listening Passage: Examples Of Altruism

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In this set of materials, the listening passage challenges the points made in the reading passage. The reading passage basically states that altruism is a behavior type which presents sharing a food or other type of feature with other members of the group without expecting any reward for it. The passage points out that an example of this type of phenomena in human’s society is a donation of an organ. This behavior is seen in the animal’s reign as well. The meerkats have a so-called sentinel which acts as a guard while the other members of the group are eating or hunting. This particular guard risks its life greatly. Firstly because while the others eat the sentinel stay on position watching for predators. Secondly, by alarming the others
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a wage) , it is safe to say that the narrator’s work was not generalized reciprocity, which is defined as, “Gift giving without any immediate or planned return” (Ember 126). When it comes to whether or not it was a balanced reciprocity, some may argue that it is, simply because balanced reciprocity is defined as, “Giving with the expectation of a straightforward immediate or limited-time trade” (Ember 127). While it can be argued that this is the case because the narrator exchanged his labor for a wage, it’s not necessarily the case for the narrator is not receiving a wage equal to that of his work, so therefore the reciprocity system cannot be balanced. Because of this, it would be most befitting to say that the narrator’s work was negative reciprocity, which is defined as a system where, “one person in an exchanges [sic] tries to get something for nothing or for less than its recognized worth” (“Definitions of Anthropological Terms”).

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In Esquivel’s novel, Like Water for Chocolate, she argues that kindness is more powerful than cruelty. Unlike kindness and compassion, people will never be fully loyal to those act cruel. The strongest form of loyalty is obedience founded by trust and powered by love, which cannot be replaced with intimidation and fear. When kindness is displayed to a given individual, it is capable of creating a strong core of purpose within oneself, forming loyalty through the desire to be near the one who gives them that affection. In contrast, brutality does the opposite, in hope to break that core enough for the person to resort to dependency Overall, cruelty pushes those under its control to break down, whereas kindness allows for people to strive.

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heart was heavy” (107) and as if he “. . . was doing it grudgingly” (107). The initial feelings of constant benevolence gradually vanished. As much as his father was selfish enough to take his rations, he should have been selfish enough to keep his provisions for

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Altruism is the belief or practice of selflessness or selfless concern for the wellbeing of others (Oxford Dictionary). Lawson’s life is parallel to the meaning of altruism. American Psychologist, Jaqueline Mattis delves deep into the study of altruism and what causes the selflessness of one’s self. Mattis uses the definition of “someone who does something for the other and for the other's sake, rather than as a means to self-promotion or internal well-being…” (Oliner p. 53).

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In conclusion, Crane man's quote about the dangers and kindness of people is accurate in both Tree-ear's journey and our daily lives. People can be both dangerous and helpful, and we must be cautious and discerning about whom we trust and turn to for aid. It is crucial to remain vigilant about people's intentions and actions to avoid getting hurt. As Crane man advised Tree-ear, people can be both a problem and a

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The family pair struggles to maintain enough food for themselves, but despite that the boy still tries to give up his food in order to help others. Not only did he insist in helping a man as rude as Ely, but wanted to help the lost kid on the road. “We could get him and take him with us…. I’d give that little boy half of my food”( McCarthy 86). This displays the naturally generous and unselfish characteristics of the boy.

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(ch.5 pg.47) It all clearly points to the fact that all animals (and humans) have different strengths and different jobs and that they are not equal. This is also the case because some of the animals capabilities elevated their status within their society. This inequality sometimes helped the farm by providing a firm government but often lead to harsh mistreatment of many of the animals. The only reason animals often listened to the leader was because he had ferocious dogs protected him and in certain cases he used that power to protect his own interests.

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