Although the New England Indians felt that law and justice were, “a personal and clam mater and did not involve a third party of an impersonal public institution or ‘state’” (p. 67), the law of England defined murder as, “an offence against the state, not a private matter between two groups of people” (p. 70), thus the jurisdiction of the General Court was fair to the defendant’s case.
The book helped reveal the reasons why legal systems were created in the first place by documenting the prolongation of social order as well as the preservation of self interest. Anne Orthwood’s Bastard critically examines the role of unfree labor, women, religion and law in colonial life which tends to answer the question of what values and customs were aligned with the start of American civilization. In addition, the way English law was used as a menacing force by the colonial states to help maintain the social order and promote capitalist development as well as renovate social relations. The social and legal systems of the states became closely tied to their religious beliefs, as well as English
In the book chapter ‘ Understanding Australia’s neighbours: an introduction to east and southeast Asia’, Nick Knight briefly outlines the importance of Australia’s bilateral relationship with Asia in terms of political engagement, with the aim of foreign policy and trade. Drawing largely upon the main complications occurring with Australia’s sense of national identity and history . Knight accounts the comparisons between Asian and Australian societies, despite apprehensions and criticisms the Australian influential figures were keen to maintain a relationship in order to benefit from Asia’s economic, social and political spheres. The arrangement between Asia and Australia was extremely indispensable, Australian’s went to unreasonable length
Anne Orthwood’s Bastard: Sex and Law in Early Virginia by John Ruston Pagan highlights the paradoxical nature of life in the colonial times and how it aided the creation of American law. The four cases that resulted from the fornication between Anne Orthwood and John Kendall gave present historians a vivid image of how English settlers modified English traditions and began to create customs of their own. Furthermore, it was able to reveal some of the cultural, economical and political values in the colony of Virginia such as tobacco and unfree labor. They helped reveal the reasons why legal systems were created in the first place by documenting the prolongation of social order as well as the preservation of self interest. Anne Orthwood’s Bastard
Sooner or later, Hales intellect is to the point where he quits rather than not listen to his own conscience. He does not want to overthrow the court nor be a rebel, but he is striving for
Since the court and everyone believed Rev Hales word many people who were arrested were because of him. Rev Hale stated, “ Excellency, I have signed seventy-two death warrants; I am a minister of the Lord, and I dare not take a life without there be a proof so immaculate no slightest qualm of conscience may doubt it” (Miller 99). This was the starting point of Hale realizing how many lives were taken because of his word. He signed the warrants, making the death in his hand, but he was trying to get them a second chance because he knew they were wrongfully accused. Also, when Rev Hale visits Elizabeth in the Jail he tries to make her confess the truth because he knows her and John were wrongfully thrown in jail.
His admiration of the court goes down as he sees more people being hanged and the stubbornness of the court. In the end, Hale knows that the law is not the entire aspect of creating a perfect society, no one in a society needs to follow the law entirely, and that authority does not always judge over everything. He has no more confidence in the idea of dominance of God over anything in life, and by that mean he loses his faith to the court. Not just those, he doesn’t carry the heavy written laws since the beginning. When Hale loses his faith towards the court and the society, he earns empathy and respect from us the readers and proving how moral obligation plays a bigger role than civic duty when it comes to real difficulties in a
The failure of his attempts to turn the tide renders the once-confident Hale a broken man. As his belief in witchcraft falters, so does his faith in the law. Reverend Hale's turning point of changing is in the courtroom where he fights with Judge Danforth about the trials and says “Excellency, I have signed seventy-two death warrants; I am a minister of the Lord, and I dare not take a life without there be a proof so immaculate no slightest qualm of conscience may doubt it. ”(III.239-243) Reverend Hale
He is among a court of judges that either condemns people or hears their testament of being a witch. “Excellency, I have signed seventy-two death warrants; I am a minister of the Lord, and I dare not take a life without there be a proof so immaculate no slightest qualm of conscience may doubt it.” (Miller, pg. 99) Reverend Hale holds so much power that he has signed most of the death warrants of those accused of witchcraft. Half way through the play when more well known good people are getting accused he starts to see the faults in the tria system.
At first, Hale took religion very seriously; he was completely shocked when he saw that John Proctor didn’t know all of the commandments. But soon he realized that just because someone sinned, it didn’t make them a bad person. For example, Cheever mentions that John Proctor isn’t a proper Christian man because he works on the Sabbath day. But Hales defends him, showing that he doesn’t care too much about the fact that John sinned. In ACT 3 of "The Crucible," Hale states, "Your honor, I cannot think you may judge the man on such evidence."
(Miller 120) Reverend Hale had the courage to voice his opinion and step in when needed. Reverend Hale made reasonable points trying to side with John Proctor. “Proctor, the court is just”. (Miller 73).
To quote History Channel’s This Day in History web page, regarding Australia’s purpose and the British attitude towards them, it states: “The accepted wisdom of the upper and ruling classes in 18th century England was that criminals were inherently defective. Thus, they could not be rehabilitated and simply required separation from the genetically pure and law-abiding citizens” (History.com Staff). This merely establishes, however, the general outlook the government had on their prisoners and how those attitudes shifted to the future generations of Australians to come, which is where the audiences ' focus lead to questioning how the British prejudices affected the outcome of the
Human trafficking can occur anywhere in the world. The myth of human trafficking only occurring in less developed countries such as India is far from the truth. It happens in Australia, right under our noses. Countries can be categorised in either a transit country, takes the trafficked victims and forces them to wait until they are deported to different countries like China, United States, United Kingdom, Australia, or can be a destination country where the trafficked victims are sent to and are in demand. Australia is a destination country, receiving
In 1826, the first mention of prison rape in the history of the republic, Rev. Louis Dwight wrote that “Boys are Prostituted to the Lust of old Convicts” throughout the institutions he surveyed from Massachusetts to Georgia. Dwight, the founder of the Prison Discipline Society of Boston, a prison reform group, wrote that “Nature and humanity cry aloud for redemption from this dreadful degradation.” It was not until the 21st century that the nation saw its first anti-prison-rape legislation. Last year, congress passed the Prison Rape Reduction Act, which allocates $60 million to support rape-prevention programs run by federal, state, and local corrections staff and to aid investigations and punishment of perpetrators. The bill, which enjoyed
In this respect, the common law has been indicated as the foundation and origin of the American Law. The development of the Common Law was done in England and was first introduced to America by the English colonists. The law was initially adopted by thirteen original states, but currently, all states have incorporated Common law through constitutional authority or statute. However, it is critical to note that some states do not recognize common-law crimes. As a source of American laws, court rules have played an instrumental role in modifying and nullifying parts of the common law.
