Negative Consequences Of Positive Price Discrimination
Relevant Facts: Nurofen, the pain-relief medication is made by Reckitt Benckiser Australia, a multinational company. The company was found misleading customers for all its specific range that contained the same active ingredient ibuprofen lysine 342mg and was seen to have same effect. The product was advertised the products as been targeting back pain, period pain and tension headaches. The Company was fined $1.7m for misleading customers on range of ‘specific pain’ relief contravening Australian Consumer Law has been brought forward by ACCC. The ACCC had asked federal court to impose $6 million fine.
Mark Thoma from CBS News says: “When firms have such power, they charge prices that are higher than can be justified based upon the costs of
The Price-Anderson Nuclear Industries Indemnity Act (Price-Anderson Act) was first signed into law on September 2, 1957. The act serves as an amendment to the 1946 Atomic Energy Act (AEA), intended to stimulate development of the private nuclear industry by establishing limits of liability and indemnifying the nuclear industry against liability from a nuclear incident. Additionally provides compensation coverage for the general public in case of an incident. (Hore, 2009). The Price-Anderson Act places an increasingly disproportionate liability on the taxpayer in the event of a nuclear incident, whether accidental, from negligent or malicious acts, effectively protecting the industry regardless of fault.
Show-rooming has become a significant issue for Target, its internal stakeholders, and the predominance of its external stakeholders. Subsequently, Target requested suppliers manufacture products that are exclusive to Target and/or partner with Target to price match competitors, in order to aid Target in remaining competitive (Kinicki, 2013). After learning of Target’s request of its vendors, some have expressed concerns regarding the ethical dilemma created by Target. After examining the facts in the article, considering the symbiotic relationship between Target and its suppliers, and referencing the Utilitarian Approach to resolving ethical dilemmas, I believe Target’s requests of its suppliers are ethical (Kinicki, 2013). Retailers in various
In the podcast “Chuck E. Cheese’s: Where a Kid Can Learn Price Theory”, Stephen J. Dubner discusses the current violent outbreaks, along with some possible theories. One of his listeners, Nathan Corroy, a financial adviser in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, mentions that a contributing factor may be the pricing strategy. Right now, all the arcade games at Chuck E. Cheese’s cost one token to play, even though some games last longer than others. Thus, Dubner asks an important question “How does the price of a good or a service effect consumer behavior?” (Dubner).
White Americans have about ten times more net worth than African Americans. Redlining and generational wealth lead us to this inequality. The following items will be covered in this essay ,such as redlining, generational wealth, and inequality to explain why white Americans have more net worth than black Americans. Redlining is the main cause of inequality today because it only gave money to the white population. Well then what is redlining?
4.4 Pricing Strategy For a number of reasons, price is one of the most important aspects of an effective marketing strategy (Gerstein & Friedman, 2015). First, price is the only marketing variable that generates revenue. Second, buyers see price as an attribute of value (Tanner & Raymond, n.d.). Consequently, an organization must carefully assess its internal and external environment to choose the most effective pricing objective, which—in turn—will drive a product’s initial pricing strategy.
In theory, the third degree price discrimination occurs when different customers pay different prices for the same goods, but each unit sold to a given group costs the same. This actually occurs in three different ways. First of all, most hotels offer discounts for children or seniors. This is done because the demand of these customer groups is more elastic. An explanation for this is simple: seniors usually have less income than adults, therefore a stay in the hotel takes up a larger share of seniors’ budget, meaning that they might not choose to purchase the good for a high price, which is affordable for adults with higher incomes.
Customers pay for value, and offering prices, lower than competitors, for the same benefits or creating unique benefits for higher price, creates superior value. A company implementing a strategy for creating value, different from competitor’s strategies, has a competitive advantage.(Barney,1991), thus, giving Amazon, a strong chance against its competitors. Petaraf and Barney (2003), stated that when a company creates greater economic value, it has an advantage over its competitors. Economic value is the difference of the perceived benefits received by the customers from the company’s economic cost. Although there are various ways of gaining competitive advantage without being the best in all aspects, there should be superiority in value creation (Peteraf and Barney, 2003).
This creates the perception by the consumer to be a value-added pricing of the products. The two price adjustment tactics of UNIQLO are detailed as follows: Psychological
Governments throughout the world intervene in the health sector. It is hardly for any economic activity to be free from the government intervention. In Malaysia, the government intervention shown in the three main categories, including provision of goods and services, redistribution and regulation under the dominant scopes of financing, production or delivery as well as regulation of healthcare industries (Folland, Goodman, & Stano, 2010). Undeniably, there are many factors could motivate intervention in healthcare by the government such as equity, efficiency and monopoly power. It is true that all these factors are arises due to the existence of market failure which acts as an economic rationale for government intervention.
6.1.2 Price Price is the value or amount that customer pays to buy a product. For instance, for our Star Lab ice cream shop, we need to consider the cost of production of our ice cream, price of our main competitor and our potential customers demographics in order to succeed this competitive market. (C. Breidert, 2007, p.9) 6.1.2.1 Pricing Strategy Pricing strategy that can be used by our company such as penetration pricing, cost-plus pricing, value based pricing and more. But we think that market penetration pricing is the best pricing strategy to be used by our business.
Mr Price is known to be the best retail company that has a wide range of products sold in South Africa. They were established in 1885, they have been trading on the JSE since 1952. There are Mr Price stores located all around Africa, such as Botswana, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Namibia and of course in South Africa. The founders Laurie Chiappini and Stewart Cohen opened the very first Mr Price in 1985 in Durban.
When the value a customer receives from a product is greater than that of another then they are more inclined to stick with that
According to Wisnudewobroto (2011), KFC placed their products for high price but not overly high. However, to compete with other competitors, KFC trickle down their price for only the selected items during mealtime to focus on both middle and lower class people to penetrate both sides of the market. If the product price are too low, it might lead to customer perception that the food have a poor quality, while charging for the product too high price might cause customer to switch their preferences to other competitors. KFC also will take into consideration on the probable reaction from other competitors in the pricing
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