PARTIES: The named plaintiff, Oliver L. Brown, is the parent of Linda Brown and is African American. Oliver was one of thirteen plaintiffs in this lawsuit. The remaining plaintiffs included in this lawsuit were Darlene Brown, Lena Carper, Sadie Emmanuel, Marguerite Emerson, Shirley Fleming, Zelma Henderson, Shirley Hodison, Maude Lawton, Alma Lewis, Iona Richardson, and Lucinda Todd. These thirteen plaintiffs represented twenty children in this lawsuit. These consolidated lawsuits were consumed with argument that their physical buildings, teacher salaries, traveling distance to/from the schools, salaries of the staff and all other responsibilities of the all-black schools were inadequate compared to the schools for all-white students. Their suits specified that their Fourteenth Amendment rights were being violated in all areas documented.
FACTS:
Linda Brown, a nine-year old African
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His formal opinion states that “Segregation of white and colored children in public schools has a detrimental effect upon the colored children. The impact is greater when it has the sanction of the law, for the policy of separating the races is usually interpreted as denoting the inferiority of the Negro group…Any language in contrary to this finding is rejected. We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of “separate but equal” has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal” (“Separate Is Not Equal”). With this ruling physical facilities could be considered equal but children could not be segregated based on color. All spectrums of education must be made available and equal to every child regardless of color or race. This decision was made based on present day education representation not on educational conditions at the writing of the Fourteenth