Kesey provides the characterization of our narrator, Chief Bromden, and the other ward patients to intimately display the pain Ratched’s institution causes behind the scenes. When it comes to Bromden, there is no doubt that he is an “unreliable narrator” (Zubizarreta). Regardless of the accuracy of his retellings, Bromden’s account still holds emotional weight, as the events and characteristics of McMurphy and Ratched would still shine through, despite possible inaccuracy in smaller details. One main contributor to his unreliability is “the fog”, which clouded his perceptions during times of stress. As the story progressed, the frequency of “the fog” decreased, due to the actions of McMurphy, as did many other insecure characteristics possessed …show more content…
Bromden views himself as miniscule, while viewing McMurphy as “twice the size” (Kesey, 219) of him. This reveals that Bromden’s comments on his size are based on confidence and will-power, which at the time of this comment he lacks. After hearing Bromden’s argument on his size, McMurphy offers Bromden a “free body-building course” (Kesey, 223), foreshadowing the empowering effect McMurphy will have on Bromden and the other patients. Ultimately, McMurphy proves successful in empowering the patients (what should have been the job of the corrupt institution they are subservient to), as Bromden grows mentally strong enough to lift the control panel and escape the confines of the combine. Also, like Ratched and McMurphy, Bromden and the patients are characterized in the nursery rhyme. The general populous of the hospital are described as “hens” (Kesey, 285), which is an extended metaphor which was mentioned earlier when McMurphy said that Ratched’s group therapy was a “pecking party”, insinuating that the fisherman, Ratched, actively turns the hens, or the patients, against each other to keep them