Pact Of Umar

During the early 17th century and late 18th century, major changes were made to the religious belief in the European countries. The rise of the Islamic culture and the Christianity belief dramatically influenced the way non-religious believers were treated. The Capitulary on Saxony played a major role in this change, it is a set of strict policies introduced by Charlemagne that forced the pagans to live under monotheistic ideals. in spite of the fact that both Christianity and Islam have changed how the non-believers were treated, they did so in different approaches.

In the midst of the 17th century, a new trade route was discovered that connected the Byzantine empire and the Persian empire. This trade route not only brought an economic

The Abbasid family were far more tolerant than previous rulers, so the there were more freedom of religion was far more flexible. The Pact of Umar serves as a good example of the free will to have faith in any religion, in addition, it also serves as an evidence to the idea that Muslims respected the decision of "submission by own will"(Strayer 415).

The purpose of The Pact of Umar is a set of promises made by the Christians to live in peace with the Muslims. "We shall show respect toward the Muslims, and we shall rise from our seats when they wish to sit." (Pact of Umar) and "We shall give board and lodging to all Muslims who pass our way for three days." (Pact of Umar) prove the existence of two conflicting monotheistic religion in the same area, and a treaty like The pact of Umar that settles the conflict. This treaty plays a major role in the period of the Monotheistic idea, because to Charlemagne, it is unacceptable. Charlemagne, ruler of the Carolingian Empire, stance strong on having no other religion but Christianity under his territory. "In 772 he launched a 30-year campaign that conquered and Christianized the powerful pagan Saxons in the north. He subdued the Avars, a huge Tatar tribe on the Danube. He compelled the rebellious Bavarian dukes to submit to him. " (spanport.ucla.edu), through this quote, we see the length Charlemagne is willing to go to ensure his kingdom has no other religion but Christianity alone.