Piaget Cognitive Theory

Introduction
Cognitive is mental processes that allow one to perceive, make decisions, give attention and remember things then store it for their long term memory, it allows human to reacts to environment accordingly, Cognitive development on the other hand, is the changes that are happening throughout one’s lifespan (White, Hayes and Livesey, 2005). It has been a debate on when cognitive development begins, however recent study shows that it begins since inside the womb (Goswami, 2008).
To this, Piaget’s has his own opinions on cognitive development which is, as the human matures biologically and gains more experience via environment, the mental processes reorganize in order to accommodate the new information obtained (McLeod, 2015). He divides

Piaget view is, humans are born with their own intellectual capabilities and the development that happens afterwards is just the continuation (Simatwa, 2010). There are three basic components to Piaget’s cognitive development view which are, schemas which is a term used to describe the process of gaining knowledge, it also known as a process whereby human reacts to stimuli using the schemas that they have already obtained (McLeod, 2015). Whereas, adaptation is a form which enables the process of transition from one stage to another, it consists of two other processes which are assimilation and accommodation (Simatwa, 2010). Lastly the four different development stages (White, et al.,

Sensorimotor is the first stage of the development which happens between birth until 2 years old, at this stage the infants will think using their four senses which are their eyes, mouth, ears and hands (Laura, 2007). At this stage, children have yet to develop their language abilities, therefore they can only feel what they experience but are not capable to categorize it, and the reaction given is completely depending on the situation (Simatwa, 2010). Second stage of the development known as preoperational stage, children from 2 to 6 years old will fall under this stage; they learn to mentally represent experience and language begins to develop at this stage (Simatwa, 2010). Concrete operational that begins from the age 7 to 12 years old is the third stage. Here, children can already manipulate and understand solid things logically however, lacking in understanding abstract objects (White, et al., 2005). Last stage is for children 12 years and above known as Formal Operational stage, at this age one can understand logically, share ideas and communicate with others (Simatwa,