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How To Write A Case Control Study

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1. Project Title: Post-Operative Pain Assessment for Major Orthopaedic Cases, a case-control study.
2. Summary:
A. Study title: Post-operative Pain Assessment for Major Orthopaedic Operative Cases, a case-control study.
B. Study design: case control study.
Pain management for postoperative patients are a major problem that may cause prolonged treatment and rehabilitation costs, however, with the proper nursing strategy, it can be managed. In order to manage the pain, the knowledge of the causing event and the symptoms are necessary for the healthcare professionals. The assessment and measurement of pain in postoperative patients through their response can assist in increasing awareness regarding the specific causes of pain. The present study …show more content…

According to the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) (Merskey et al., 2004), pain is defined as the unpleasant sensory and emotional experience due to the actual or potential tissue damage. According to McCaffrey and Beebe, pain is whatever person describes to be experiencing at the moment. Hence, when the pain exceeds tissue damage, the nervous system is triggered to respond. The postoperative pain is supposed to subside after the first week of the surgery. Minimal activities such as coughing and walking can be painful at that time, as the wound is healing, due to which the patient’s mobility can be limited. In order to minimize the pain, the patients are administered opioids and analgesics, which are accompanied with general side effects such as nausea, sedation, respiratory recession etc. (Brennan, 2011). Pain management requires more than simple treatment of the tissue injury. The management strategy for pain costs and burdens the postoperative care, as there is a lack of knowledge and resources for treating pain (Harsoor, 2011). It has known to be associated with poor wound healing and demoralization of the patient, leading to slow recovery and increased care costs (Woldehaimanot, Eshetie, & Kerie, 2014). There are several guidelines that can suggest management of acute postoperative pain; such as education of the healthcare staff, effective planning techniques, medicinal management and conservative strategies, methods to improve organisation, and improvement of discharge protocols which will decrease the incidence of mismanagement or diagnosis errors (Chou et al., 2016). Understanding the mechanism of acute pain in postoperative care, and the development of new analgesic treatments can also effectively improve the correct management of the pain (Wu, & Raja, 2011). The mismanagement of the pain can cause

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