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Pros And Cons Of Animal Testing

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As a small beagle puppy named Sophie wakes up to burning sensations, needles, and relentless torture, she can’t help but cry out. Sophie happens to be an animal used for chemical research. Everyday she is attacked by test that only leave fatal results and excruciating pain. Sophie is just one of the many animals plagued by experimental testing through out the world. According to the Humane Society, registration of a common pesticide requires more than 50 experiments and the use of as many as 12,000 animals. Animal testing is the practice of the use of non-human animals in research and development projects, especially for purposes of determining the safety of drugs. The practice of animal testing has multiple sides, and explanations which …show more content…

Organs on chips was created by Harvard’s Wyes Institute, which contain human cells grown in a state of the art system to mimic the structure and function of human organs and organs systems (Alternatives to Animal Testing). The chips were designed to replace the need for animals in disease research, drug testing, and toxic chemical tests (Alternatives to Animal Testing). Organs to chips have proven to be successful, in that they react more accurately than inhumane animal experiments (Alternatives to Animal Testing). MatTek’s EpiDerm™ is a three dimensional human cell derived skin model, that replicates key traits of normal human skin (Alternatives to Animal Testing). Cell based test such as this one, can be used to evaluate the safety of drugs, chemicals, cosmetics, and consumer products (Alternatives to Animal Testing). Since the product is this efficient it takes away the need for animal experiments/tests (Alternatives to Animal Testing). The model is a more effective test subject than an animal. Considering animals suffer a lot more if the product is extremely hazardous and toxic.By incorporating a somewhat artificial model into the experiment, nothing can be injured or damaged by the harmful …show more content…

Their sole purpose to simulate human biology and the progression of developing diseases (Alternatives to Animal Testing). Multiple studies have shown that these state-of-the-art computers, are able to accurately predict the ways that new drugs will react in human bodies (Alternatives to Animal Testing). After implementing this advantageous product animals won’t be needed for these particular experiments. It will also help decrease the number of animal deaths due to faulty experiments. Microdosing can provide vital information on the safety of an experimental drug and how it will react in humans prior to major human testing (Alternatives to Animal Testing). The volunteers are given an incredibly small amount of the drug in the experiment, and monitors and imaging techniques are used in order to see the results (Alternatives to Animal Testing). When micro dosing is used it takes the place of the need for animals, since it does’t take much to find out if the experiment will work (Alternatives to Animal

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It has been used for medical and chemical research since the 1920s. It evaluates the toxicity of consumer products and their ingredients without harming the humans that will utilize them. Mice, rats, rabbits, and monkeys are just some of the several different animals that have been experimented on. There happen to be around thirteen different types of test that are being used on animals. Most, if not all, physically harm the animal after it has been administered.

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This methods enables human volunteers to participate in research. It can provide information on the safety of a drug. Volunteers are given a small one-time dose of a drug that 's high enough to cause a cellular effect but low enough to affect the body. They use sophisticated imaging to monitor how the drug behaves in the body. With microdosing benefits include being able to safety test on humans and get more accurate results.

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In the article, scientists created “Silico Modelling.” Although machines may never function like a rat, computer simulation has had success in testing diseases, drugs, and chemicals. Another replacement for live animals was discovered, which saved “1,000 rats and 100 dogs,” the same article proudly claims. Through the chemosynthetic liver, scientists were able to discover a harmful metabolite that saved millions of dollars and proportionate research. These devices are an effective way to test because they are completely harmless.

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This test involves finding out which dose of a chemical will kill 50% of the animals being used in the experiment. According to the International Association Against Painful Experiments on Animals, it is widely used to test the toxicity of household products, pesticides, cosmetics, drugs, weed killers and industrial products (1). Products are usually orally dosed using a tube inserted down the animal’s throat. The product is then pumped into the animal’s stomach and scientists wait 14 days to see if the animal survived the dosage or not.

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This piece of text from the article tells us that there are more reliable ways of testing these products other than on animals. This alternate testing is done by using human cells and examining how they react with the product under a microscope. An additional reliable way of testing products is using a technique called microdosing. Another piece of text from the same article states, “Microdosing, the administering of doses too small to cause adverse reactions, can be used in human volunteers, whose blood is then analyzed.” This piece of evidence informs the reader that, human donors can volunteer to take small amounts of the product and see how it affects them.

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During animal testing, animals do not have a say in what happens to them. The animals in labs never get to see sun light or feel fresh air and they are crammed in small cages for most of their life. Some experiments they test on animals have the animals restrained, sometimes by the legs and neck, and sometimes their entire body is restrained and they are left that way for months, helpless and in pain. Animals do not only experience physical pain, but emotional as well. They are always in agony, and in fear of the next procedure that may be practiced on them.

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Firstly, it is relatively easy to obtain information about which companies do not use animals for testing. In fact, “many animal welfare organizations… are publishing lists of ‘cruelty-free’ products and many companies are labelling their products as ‘not tested on animals’” (Balls 25). Therefore, discerning between these products is not that difficult for the average consumer. Secondly, the products themselves are just as good, if not better than, comparable products that use animals in their testing and creation processes.

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Animals are harmed and even killed during the testing. If the animal does not die during the test, then the researchers kill them once the experiment is done. They either force the animals to breath in toxic fumes, have their skin burned off, or even have drills cut holes into their skull. If the experiment is successful for the researchers, it does not help the animals at all. The type of chemicals they would use can have major health defects later on that can possibly cause cancer or heart failure.

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Like Chaney said in his article that microdosing, the managing of dosages too little to bring about unfavorable responses, can be utilized as a part of human volunteers, whose blood is then broke down(“ Should animal.”). Simulated human skin, for example, the financially accessible items EpiDerm is produced using sheets of human skin cells developed in test tubes or plastic wells and can create more helpful results than testing chemicals on animals skin. Animals testing are so useful to human but animals have to suffer for that. For example, Experiments in which dogs had their pancreases removed led directly to the discovery of insulin, critical to saving the lives of diabetics. The polio vaccine, tested on animals, reduced the global occurrence of the disease from 350,000 cases in 1988 to 223 cases in

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They are many types of testing animals; such as eye irritancy which is putting chemicals in animal’s eyes to see the irrational effects. Acute toxicity, which is a test that determines the danger of an exposure to an opening of the organ system. Skin corrosively, which is putting a substance on the skin of the animal to see the irration and damage to the skin. Skin sensitization is to see if different chemicals cause allergic reactions to the animal and there are still different types of testing animals could go through if its needed. These test cost up to billions of dollars and the animals get burned, blinded, poisoned and killed.

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The third type of testing is injection testing. Injection testing’s main purpose is drug testing. What occurs in this type of research is that the animals are injected with a disease or virus and then they are injected with the drug to see how effective it was in curing the animal and what side effects are observed. When anti-viruses or drugs have negative effects on the animals or fails to heal the animal of the illness, than they are euthanized. Therefore, scientists do not just allow the animal to suffer, but instead ends their life painlessly.

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Microdosing can substitute test given to animals and help screen out drugs that won’t work in

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Animal testing, is also known as animal experimenting, animal research and the use of non-¬human in experiments that seek to control the variables that affect the behavior or biological system under a study. This method can be differentiated with field studies in which animals are observed in their natural environments. This kind of experimental is usually conducted in universities, medical schools, pharmaceutical companies, defense establishments, and commercial facilities that provide animal ¬testing services to industry. The focus of animal testing varies field from pure research which may focus on answering some question of great practical importance, such as finding a cure for a disease and cosmetics testing. While in education, animal testing is sometimes uses as a component of biology or psychology courses.

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Another alternative is virtual computerized tests. As Celeste Biever says,“Software models of animal and human organs are emerging and could potentially replace 50 to 100 millions or animals used each year for scientific research.” For medical testing animals will always need to be used used so that we can make medical advances and save people’s lives. However this could mean change for the cosmetic world as new alternatives are being discovered. Lastly, microdosing can be used.

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16 billion taxpayers’ dollars are spent in the United States annually on animal testing, but there are cheaper, and equally effective, solutions (“Petition”). Scientists are now able to to exercise microdosing, a technique for studying the behaviour of drugs in humans through the administration of doses so low they are unlikely to produce whole-body effects, but high enough to allow the cellular response to be studied, on humans because there is no impact on the test subject (“ProCon”). Not to mention, animals are very different from humans and this produces flawed results. We also can’t understand the animal's reaction to the administered drug, making it impossible to know if the medicine works or if it doesn’t (“Using Animals”). Finally, testing on animals is just plain cruel and very inhumane.

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