Renaissance: Protestant Reformation And The Scientific Revolution

Alysia Hernandez 1

October 3, 2016

Period 3

Gioia l

There were three major movements that began from the 14th century to the 17th century, the Renaissance, the Protestant Reformation and the Scientific Revolution. The Renaissance started as a cultural movement in Italy, translating to “rebirth” then in which later spread throughout the rest of Europe. The initial basis of the Renaissance was it’s own invention of humanism, derived from the rediscovery of classical Greek philosophy, like Protagoras, a Greek philosopher who invented the role of professional sophist, said, “Man is the measure of all things.”

This new idea became manifested in art, architecture, politics, science, and literature. Humanism is the idea

Petrarch’s art left an impact on society for more than a century in European literature, he took something so simple, such as the flowers in his garden, mountains, friendships, love affairs,. reacting to them and wrote about them, writing his own opinions because it’s what he liked doing.Instead of God being the one to tell him it was beautiful, he thought for himself. The Renaissance was also a time period where people doubted their faith in God because of the Black Death, 1346-1353, and how others lost a drastic amount of family members and friends, 40+ million, due to infectious fleas.This was interpreted as a punishment from

Luther criticized the selling of indulgences, where the Pope took an advantage of the printing press, created during this time by , Johannes Gutenberg, where people literally paid for forgiveness for their sins, and also insisted that the pope had no authority over purgatory, after the new emperor, Charles V, has arrived Luther then emphasized the Ninety-Five Theses but got consequences for bringing it up in the diet, a conference with princes. The consequences were that it would be considered a crime to feed and to give shelter to Martin Luther.However, Luther still had many supporters and people who looked up to him because they [supporters] agreed with Martin Luther. Luther believed that man is completely incapable of reaching out to God of his own accord, and that our only sure hope of salvation is to receive God's grace sacramentally. This related to humanism because he [Martin Luther] criticized the authorities and questioned to find the truth. Machiavelli is similar to Martin Luther because they both had disagreement with someone in the higher