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Literature Review On Reverse Psychology

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This chapter presents the related literature and studies to determine the similarities and differences between the findings of past and present studies. This is important to provide a deeper understanding of other theoretical topics related to the main topic of the researchers’ main topic. The researchers conducted the review through scrutinizing 5 related topics; Brehm’s (1966) theory of reactance; the connection between reverse psychology and child discipline; how to effectively use reverse psychology; how does reverse psychology work and lastly the effects of using reverse psychology on children. The chapter concludes by affirming the possible effects when using reverse psychology to children.

Jack Brehm’s Theory of Reactance The related …show more content…

Knowing how to effectively use this technique can make disciplining simpler and easier. The researchers gathered different pieces of information from different sources; Bright Side said that this technique is more effective for those people who do not want their pride getting hurt or told what to do. The first thing you should keep in mind is to always stay calm when using reverse psychology to children. Insist an argument on the other person opposing what you want to achieve and make them think like they are just making their own decision. You can also use this technique as a challenge and make sure to sound convincing for it to become convincing. But avoid using reverse psychology in serious moments for it would not work if it is not used correctly, do not overuse this technique for it will make you look like a …show more content…

Reverse psychology can harm children if used incorrectly. Parents are known for the idea of reverse psychology with children. Reverse psychology is a form of discipline technique that is used often with other methods of disciplining children. However, not all parents are aware that they are using it incorrectly and implications that might affect their children while using reverse psychology. Some people do not realize that using reverse psychology is a technique of challenging a child and their ability to do a task. (TutorFi,

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In chapter 7, I found the concept of punishment to be most intriguing. Punishment is a part of operant conditioning which was theorized by B.F. Skinner. Punishment is often confused with negative reinforcement. However, the main difference between the two is: while the goal of reinforcement is to increase the likelihood of a behavior, the primary goal of punishment is to reduce the chances of the behavior it follows. In 1938, Skinner concluded that punishment produces only temporary suppression of behavior but later research found that effects may be permanent.

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In the article “No Spanking, No Time-out, No Problems”, Olga Khazan uses many rhetorical strategies to support and persuade her audience. That traditional punishment methods of parents will not change a child’s/children’s unruly behavior overall, but positive reinforcement will increase the chances of better behavior not only now, but in the future as well. “Positive reinforcement is the presentation of a pleasurable consequence following a behavior” (Craighead). This twist to traditional discipline teaches children to work towards a resolution instead of teaching them to lean toward violence. “For example, the way that parents discipline their children is how children discipline their peers” (Khazan).

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They are more likely to rebel against corporal punishment than against other disciplinary techniques. They do not always think rationally like adults, but they do have an innate sense of fairness—though their standards are not the same as adults. Oftentimes, the sense of unfairness escalates to a feeling of humiliation. When punishment humiliates children they either rebel or withdraw. While hitting may appear to make the child afraid to repeat the misbehavior, it is more likely to make the child fear the offender.

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To be quite honest, I have never heard of James”Whitey” Bulger, and I was born and raised in the city of Boston. My family has resided in Boston since the early 1970’s and they have never mentioned him. Therefore, in order to write this paper and actually know who is James “Whitey” Bulger, I watched the recent film Black Mass which is based on his story. I found the Bulger story to be quite terrifying and unbelievable, I believe the film did a great job portraying his life as a gangster in Boston. Bulger story gives a perfect demonstration of the criminological theories we have discussed in class.

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Mr. Byrne is having trouble getting his students to listen. He is trying scolding as a punishment, but that is not working. By the end of this essay, Mr. Byrne will learn how use operant conditioning to get his seventh grade students to listen. Mr. Byrne can 't understand why scolding his seventh-grade students for disruptive classroom behaviors makes them unrulier. Mr. Byrne 's can use operant conditioning techniques to reduce disruptive behaviors and increase cooperative behaviors.

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1. There are many problems with boot camps (J.Knowles, 2001). 2. Juvenile drug use is increasing in the United States (Oakley, Smith & Jones, 2008). 3.

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These findings have impacted the psychological field in a manner of ways. One finding was that four of the children later talked about how they felt uncomfortable in the dark room (Bain et al, 1958). This will have had an impact on the psychological field as it clearly displays the lasting effects of a stressful situation on young children. Thus, studies of this sort will have had an impact upon on the guidelines which the British Psychological Society (BPS) produce for all psychological studies to follow. The ethical guidelines now state that the monitoring of the willingness of the child should be applied to every study (British Psychological Society, 2014).

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The overall goal of this therapy form is to change a persons way of thinking. It just like the conditioning experiments done by Pavlov and Skinner. If the person is exhibiting the wrong behaviors or thinking , than you try to change their thinking/behaviors into the correct behaviors. Starting as children we are forming our personalities thoughts and behaviors. We get older and some behaviors are automatic and this therapy helps us understand the reasoning behind the way we act and how to look past the automatic response.

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Children who are physically punished more often tend to obey parents less with time, and to develop more aggressive behaviors, including toward other

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When it comes to punishers there is no set theory on which events will function as a punisher. Thus, if you ignore a behavior, it will not be the best approach for a parent to help the adolescent eliminate certain behaviors. In each situation there has to be a reinforcement and a punishing contingency. These factors influence how a contingency function as a Punisher, this rich history of findings about reinforcement and punishment effects in the laboratory, led to the application of these principles to help people with real life problems. (Cipani. 2004).

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