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Roe V. Wade's Anti-Feminist Movement

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After women won the vote, the leader of the National Woman’s Party believed that woman needed an amendment to stop all discrimination based on sex. It was introduced by Alice Paul in Congress in 1923 and then re-introduced in several different ways every year until 1971. In 1972, the ERA was finally passed the House and Senate. At that time, it was given 10 year extension. However, in 1973, Supreme Court decision Roe v. Wade activated a strong anti-feminist movement that opposed the goal of feminists who supported abortion rights and the ERA. It was led by Phyllis Schlafly. Feminist groups countered with national economic boycotts against states that had not ratified the ERA. Despite the activism of the opposition groups such as pro-ERA women’s groups which sponsored a large mass march on Washington to re-new efforts to pass the amendment. However, only five more states ratified by 1977 and anti-ERA forces successfully persuaded some states that ratified the amendment to vote to rescind their ratification. They had a detrimental impact on the movement since votes were non-bonded. The amendment went down to defeat in June 1982, the new deadline set by Congress.
Gloria Marie Steinem …show more content…

Louis, Missouri. She rose as a Roman Catholic and went to Washington University. It was a high achievement for a woman of her time. She as a journalist, she wrote topics about family, politics, religion, feminism, and education. Schlafly feared the amendment would lead women into combat, promote gay marriage and abortions, make all bathrooms unisex, and remove legal protections of wives. She said “What I am defending is the real rights of women. A woman should have the right to be in the home as a wife and mother”. Therefore, she inspired a movement of woman who wanted to preserve a traditional family. Nowadays, Schlafly is still alive and writing books including criticism of modern politics, as well as “War on Religion” especially

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Many women fought for this bill including Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Lucretia Mot, and Susan B. Anthony who began the first women 's rights movement in Seneca Falls, New York. There were various setbacks but after the Civil War ended they began to fight for their rights with new momentum. President Woodrow Wilson changed his mind after being sworn into office, and turned in favor of women 's right to vote and addressed the Senate in favor of suffrage. On May 21, 1919, republican James R Mann, a U.S. representative from Illinois who served as chairman of the Suffrage Committee, proposed the House resolution to approve the Susan Anthony Amendment. The bill passed with above the required two-thirds majority.

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In 1923, the ERA written by Alice, was introduced into Congress. The Amendment declared “equal rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the US or by any State on account of sex” (“Woman Suffrage”, 2014, para 1). The Amendment was introduced into every Congress through 1972, where it finally passed but failed ratification in 1982. Only 35 states ratified the Amendment by the 1982 deadline. After the failure, the Amendment was again presented to Congress every year, but still fails to get passed.

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During this time Annie Nathan Meyers was the head of anything that had to do with the antis. Before being able to vote women didn’t dedicate themselves to a specific political party. Susan Goodier says “Many women, then, whether or not they had advocated nonpartisanship for women prior to the Nineteenth Amendment, naturally gravitated to one or the other of the parties after state, and the federal, enfranchisement.” (Goodier, No Vote, 146) After the enfranchisement, most women “…who had actively opposed suffrage adapted to their changed political status and voted”(Goodier, No Vote, 147) After a couple of years of getting people registered to vote women who were Republicans were excited because of the “…Success in registering many new voters from the ranks of women in college, business, industry, and “at home”. ”(Goodier, No Vote,

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Susan B. Anthony was born into a Quaker family, with the hope that everyone would one day be treated equal. She denied a chance to speak at a temperance convention because she was a woman(Susan B. Anthony). From this point on, she knew that she needed to make a change. Susan B. Anthony, because of her intense work involving women 's’ rights, highly influenced all of the societies and beliefs that were yet to come. She employed a huge role in our history because of the fact that she advocated for women’s rights, for the integration of women in the workforce, and for the abolition of slavery.

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The history.com’s staff explains the stages that the women of the past went through to gain them the 19th Amendment on August 26, 1920. Simplified the 19th Amendment is the right for the citizens of the United States to be able to vote and not be denied by the United States or by any State on account of their sex. It talks about when the 14th amendment was ratified in 1868, it granted all citizen the right to be able to vote. But they defined “citizen as male”, giving the right to vote to the black men. Because of this many women, including Susan B. Anthony rallied and protested the 15th amendment, believing that it could push lawmakers into making it so that women could vote along with the men.

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The 1970s were a rough year for African-Americans, still fighting for social and political rights in the United States. Consequently, women still did not receive equal rights. However, in 1972, “Congress approved the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the Constitution, which reads: ‘Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex’ (History.com Staff).” Out of the thirty-eight necessary states only twenty-two ratified it right away, it was relieving for the moment because the feminist advocates had been trying to be ratified since 1923. The First African-American woman elected into Congress was Shirley Chisholm.

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Women’s rights activists are overjoyed with the passing of the amendment, as they have been actively fighting for this right for over a hundred years. Much to their delight, just weeks from now, many women are expected to exercise their right to vote for the first time in the upcoming election. The 19th amendment was first proposed in 1847, however, it was just recently ratified over 40 years later . It was passed by the House of Representatives on May

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The Congressional Union soon became the National Woman’s Party, and together with the NAWSA, they lobbied Congress for passage of the amendment. During the 1916 presidential election, the women campaigned vigorously against Woodrow Wilson’s refusal to support the women’s suffrage amendment. Alice Paul and Lucy Burns we not the only women suffrage advocate there were many. Rose Schneiderman was an advocate she released a statement saying “ Women in the laundries stand for 13 and 14 hours in the terrible steam and heat with their hands in hot starch. Surely these women wont lose any more of their beauty and charm by putting a ballot in the box” (Doc 7).

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The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) was a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution designed to guarantee equal rights for women. The ERA was originally written by Alice Paul and Crystal Eastman. In 1923, it was introduced in the Congress for the first time. The ERA has always been highly controversial regarding the meaning of equality for women. Middle-class women generally were supportive.

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Assessments of STOP ERA are mixed, with scholars acknowledging that the organization effectively utilized regional and state based sentiment to shift national public opinion against the once strongly supported Constitutional Amendment. To this end, there is broad agreement that without Schlafly and the STOP ERA campaign the Equal Rights Amendment would likely have been ratified in the 1970s. Schlafly 's campaign is also credited with shifting the Republican Party 's platform on the ERA and women in 1980, which led to a majority of that demographic supporting the Democratic Party by 1992. In addition, the STOP ERA campaign solidified Phyllis Schlafly 's position as an effective opponent of liberal policies, and one of the most significant women in modern American politics.

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According to With Courage and Cloth: Winning the fight for a Women's Right to Vote, "rules required the amendment to pass both chambers in the same legislative session. " This meant they had only 14 months to convince Congress. By the time July rolled around they had gained a lot of support in the Senate but were still two votes short from the amendment passing. No one, including the suffragists or Wilson, could convince any "no" or "maybe" votes into a "yes". So Alice Paul turned to her banners.

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“These two amendments allowed men to vote, but still permitted states to deny the vote to women” (Kirk, G. & Okazawa-Rey, M. 2013). Once they submitted their votes, they immediately had a warrant out for them because women were not able to vote during this time. After they were caught, they were taken to trial, which lasted for a long year (McDavitt 1944). However, the question for women suffrage bubbled up to the service, which proved to legislation that they needed equal rights for women (McDavitt 1944). According to the textbook, Elizabeth Stanton and Susan B. Anthony formed the Woman Suffrage Association and started working towards getting the women the right to vote (Kirk, G. & Okazawa-Rey, M. 2013).

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In the case of Roe v. Wade, the Supreme Court ruled that multiple U.S. amendments give Americans the right to privacy. Although the case ruled abortion a right for women, many states still implement rules and regulations that make a professionally administered abortion very hard, if not nearly impossible to obtain (Abortion). I believe that abortion should be legalized and made readily available all over the world. The easy availability of professional abortions reduces the rate of maternal death (Abortion).

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I think ERA failed to pass because all 50 states did not supported ERA. ERA also failed to pass because “most people supported the idea of women’s rights in the abstract, but they weren’t sure what the consequences of such an amendment would be, and they feared the possibility of radical social change. “As book says that by early 1973, thirty states had approved ERA and also in next four, other five states also have approved ERA. Three states short of necessary, which bring to 38 states have

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On august 18 1920 Susan B Anthony got the 19 amendment passed for women. It takes a lot of tough choices to change history.

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