The ever-debated discussion of which forms of civic and loyal friendship with non-Muslims are permissible in Islam provides scope in inter-connected world. However, does this global theme also allow the concept of salvation broadened beyond the scholarly views within Islam?
Introduction:
This assignment will critically review and reflect Fadel’s argument of achieving Islamic pluralism through exploration of Islamic doctrine in order to achieve potential mutual aims and political tolerance between Muslims and non-Muslims. It will also explore Fadel’s understanding of medieval Islamic visceral and external opinions of salvation outside Islam.
From medieval Islamic scholarship till the age of modern Islamic thinkers, the topic of “Salvation
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The author highlights classical viewpoints on salvation outside Islam in that contrary to their opinions on practical ethics in Islam, al-Ghazali [4] and al-Qarafi [5] negated the idea that an innocent mistake and rejection of Islam could be excused. This idea is referred to as wujub al-nazar. In other words that it is “the obligation of human beings to use their rationale in a diligent effort to explore the truth about God.” Another significant idea in contrast to that view portrayed by Fadel is the theological doctrine of excuse.
This doctrine asserted that non-Muslims who have not received or understood the call of Islam in an ‘inappropriate fashion’ could still be eligible for salvation. This idea is referred to as buloogh al- da’wah.
Moving from classical Islamic viewpoints Fadel then turns to thoughts of some post-modern 20th century Islamic reformists and their views on buloogh al-d’awah. When delving into their views, one senses a focus on the concept buloogh al-d’awah. Hence why this concept was then broadened by the reformists and used in an effort to establish a foundation for stability and political ties between Muslims and