In Federalist #51, James Madison explains the necessity of separating powers within the federal government to prevent tyranny. He argues that each branch of government, legislative, executive, and judicial, should have separate and distinct powers, but also be able to check one another. This balance helps ensure that no single branch dominates, protecting liberty by making it difficult for any group to seize full control. Madison highlights the need for a system where ambition counteracts ambition, acknowledging human nature’s inclination toward self-interest. In Federalist #70, Alexander Hamilton advocates for a strong, unitary executive, as established by Article II of the Constitution. He argues that a single president is essential for