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Spanking and its effect on young children
Effects of corporal punishments on children in schools
Arguments for and against spanking children
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In 1966, Azrin and Holz found that there are factors that influence the effectiveness of punishment. Some of the factors include: manner of introduction, immediacy, schedule of punishment,
In the article “No Spanking, No Time-out, No Problems”, Olga Khazan uses many rhetorical strategies to support and persuade her audience. That traditional punishment methods of parents will not change a child’s/children’s unruly behavior overall, but positive reinforcement will increase the chances of better behavior not only now, but in the future as well. “Positive reinforcement is the presentation of a pleasurable consequence following a behavior” (Craighead). This twist to traditional discipline teaches children to work towards a resolution instead of teaching them to lean toward violence. “For example, the way that parents discipline their children is how children discipline their peers” (Khazan).
Will good parenting skills change a child’s bad behavior? Some people may say that to fix a child’s behavior parents should involve punishment. Maybe they will also say that punishment leads to having a well-disciplined child. In the article, “No Spanking, No Time-Out, No Problem,” Olga Khazan proposes a parenting intervention from a child psychologist, she utilizes it to persuade readers along with parents into believing that punishment cannot change negative behavior. Kazdin discusses the causes behind a negative behavior from a child and utilizes it to prove that punishment does not need to be utilized.
This leads to students experiencing more time with delinquent peers and can lead to the onset of delinquency. This also leads to high drop out rates. When students fall behind in their work they start to see it as unimportant which leads to dropping out of school. When a student drops out the rate of delinquency is ten times higher than a juvenile who is still in school.
One of these underlying causes was alliances between countries. Alliances caused countries to join the once small war to defend their alliances. According to the map in Document A, there were two major alliances within Europe during 1914: the Triple Entente, composed of England, Russia, and France; and the Triple Alliance, composed of Germany, Austria-Hungary (A-H), and Italy. When A-H, a member of the Triple Alliance, declared war on Serbia because a Serbian nationalist party member assassinated the archduke of A-H, Russia declared war on A-H to defend them. Then, like a domino effect, Germany declare war on Russia and France to defend A-H. England, defending Russia and France, then declared war on Germany and A-H.
Positive parents- child relationship, or healthy social skills for success in life” ( “ Corporal Punishment is ineffective and Abusive”). When kids get abused they get scared and they are scared to do anything in the fear of what will happen. Kids get scared so much and they don't want to talk or communicate with anyone. “ More disturbingly, the study also found a link between spanking and antisocial behavior aggression, mental health problems and cognitive disabilities-- effects that continue into adulthood” (Perry).Spanking found to have many problems so kids won't develop with this problem if the parents don't physically punish the kids. Many kids feel alone and scared.
Spanking is good for the mind because it teaches children. The author also states that a study shows that people who are spanked perform better at school and is most likely to want to college than their peers who had never been physically disciplined. Also stated in the article, research lack much info because it was difficult to find subjects who had never been spanked. In the study that was conducted it shows that results that others do not show because it involved 2600 individuals that never been spanked. It was difficult in more traditional time to find subjects.
This topic is a little touchy because spanking has become more controversial lately. Some arguments that defend the use of occasional spanking of children in order to discourage negative behavior are that it teaches long-term discipline and that children should be spanked to learn discipline to function well in society. Some of the negative after-effects that have been linked to spanking children are that children who are spanked are more likely to be aggressive, withdrawn, or have behavioral problems when they go to school. Some of the more shocking effects from spanking that were in the accompanying media were that kids who have been spanked have a decreased verbal capacity by age 9 and that it may cause children to have mental health issues.
As the years progressed and the spanking continued, Antisocial Behavior tended to worsen as well. The study also found that when parents reduced their tendency of spanking, Antisocial Behaviors tended
This study was conducted on April 25, 2016 by experts at The University of Texas at Austin and the University of Michigan. Elizabeth Gershoff and co-author Andrew Grogan-Kaylor. Their study focuses on what most Americans would see as spanking and not a potentially abusive behavior. During their study they found that spanking your children can cause them to defy their parents more frequently and can also cause a lifelong mental health issue. It showed as the frequency of spanking increases, the likelihood of anti-social behavior, mental health issues, and aggression also increases.
Children who are physically punished more often tend to obey parents less with time, and to develop more aggressive behaviors, including toward other
As they grow up to a certain age, kids might start smoking, sneak out of the house and do other immoral meretricious actions as an outcome to get even with their family for previously spanking them. Some brats that are daily spanked may even get to the point where they would want to retaliate from the person that is usually spanking them. Spanking a kid may also affect a kid’s education and mean of interaction in a society. Researchers and psychologist point that kids being spanked may develop learning disorder, difficulties to stay focused, and lack creativity.
When it comes to punishers there is no set theory on which events will function as a punisher. Thus, if you ignore a behavior, it will not be the best approach for a parent to help the adolescent eliminate certain behaviors. In each situation there has to be a reinforcement and a punishing contingency. These factors influence how a contingency function as a Punisher, this rich history of findings about reinforcement and punishment effects in the laboratory, led to the application of these principles to help people with real life problems. (Cipani. 2004).
Studies have shown that spanking increases aggression 2. Spanking has been linked to lower IQ 3. Physical punishment is associated with increased mental illness C. Thesis Statement: Even though most parents use
1. INTRODUCTION Corporal punishment is a common problem all over the world (United Nations, 2008). South Africa has adopted a Human Rights constitution, ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) in 1995, and legally abolished corporal punishment in schools (Republic of South Africa, 1996, A-47; South African Schools Act, 1996). However, it is still a challenge for some South African teachers to abandon corporal punishment as a disciplinary practice.
