William Stafford employs sounds and word choice to evoke feelings of a carefree, happy morning. Elizabeth Bishop uses punctuation and allusions in order to pass on how hard mornings are for her. “Five A.M.” paints a picture of easy going mornings. Here, the speaker is joyous on his morning run, celebrating the peaceful atmosphere. There are no troubles as the speaker literally asks “Where are my troubles?” This happy go lucky attitude is the set up for Stafford’s theme that mornings are good times to get ready for the day and are new beginnings. Sounds are one of the devices he uses to create this peace. Both octaves have harsh and soft sounds and yet both end on softer sounds. While there are always worries a foot, it is best for one …show more content…
Through punctuation and allusions, Bishop manifests her theme that one can be hiding anxiety that no one else but the early mornings see. By using dashes, ellipses, and parentheses, Bishop conveys that the poem is simply what the speaker is thinking. “Questions- if that is what they really are-” proves that she is doubting everything running through her mind. While in “Five A.M.” the speaker release his worries as they occurred to him, here the speaker clings to her worries and multiplies them, a sure sign of anxiety that not everyone sees. “Of glassy veins…” shows getting lost in one’s own head. Everyone has done this at some point or another but for the speaker, she is constantly lost. Losing oneself to thoughts that often means never being present and always second guessing. Then, in using parentheses in the last line, Bishop shows the speaker’s true thoughts. Her yesterday is “impossible to lift,” meaning that yesterday is a hard reality that she can not deal with. This pattern of being ridden with anxiety, losing herself in thought, and struggling to deal with yesterday proves the theme that one does not always knows what goes on behind doors. With allusions, Bishop implies the speaker is jealous of the birds. Outside, a bird chirps “ once or twice” but does not need and answer. The New Testament has Jesus constantly saying that the birds do not need to worry about tomorrow as God takes care of them.