Effect of Terminalia arjuna bark extract on transient focal cerebral ischemia induced neural damage and behaviour deficits in Sprague dawley rats
Stroke is a global socio-economic disease and places a huge burden on patients, families and wider society (Warlow et al., 2003). It is the second leading cause for death next to ischemic heart disease & leading cause of disability in the world (WHO 2012, Lozano et al., 2012). Age related risk for stroke becomes higher in India like developed countries with increasing average lifespan of the individual (Donnan et al., 2008). Ischemic stroke represents approximately 85% of strokes which is caused mainly by the occlusion of a blood vessel, due to arterial embolism or thrombosis, in a specific region
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The bark of Terminalia arjuna contains various active constituents include tannins, triterpenoid saponins, flavonoids, oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs), calcium, magnesium, zinc, and copper etc. It possesses various activities like Antitumour, wound healing, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, hypotensive, antioxidant, anti-coagulant, anti-platelet aggregation, and vascular strengthening properties. These activities exerts hepatoprotection, renalprotection, Cardioprotection and neuroprotection in various experimental studies.
Since most of the risk factors was common, the individuals having cardiovascular diseases are having high risk for stroke occurrence. Terminalia arjuna has been proven to be beneficial for cardiovascular diseases in Ayurvedic system, however its effect on cerebrovascular diseases were not clearly understood. The aim of the present study is to analyse the efficacy of Terminalia arjuna on neural damage and behavioural deficits following cerebral ischemia. To address this hypothesis, the following objectives need to be defined,
• The effect of aqueous extract of Terminalia arjuna bark on transient focal cerebral ischemia induced neuroinflammation
• The effect of TA extract on transient focal cerebral ischemia induced Blood brain barrier damage
• The status of angiogenesis and neurogenesis following transient focal cerebral