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Sugar Canes: Open Veins Of Latin America

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) During the colonial era of the Caribbean, Sugar canes became the main source of profit to the European countries and the United States. The land of the Caribbean islands such as Cuba and Jamaica were very suitable for these crops to grow. With the growth of the sugar canes, there was more intervention of not only from Europe but also the United States. Sugar became the one of the most traded goods and this created labor forces as well as a rise in economy in certain countries. However, the planting of sugar canes came with many consequences. Sugar cane plantations were some of the most successful industries in Latin America, especially in the Caribbean islands where the climate was favored. These crops were beneficial to the economies of Spain, Britain, as well as the United States. Trading sugar cane from the Caribbean islands increased the economies greatly. Cuban plantations had a monopoly on the sugar cane trade during this era. The Caribbean island supplied almost all of the sugar to the United States. In “Open Veins of Latin America”, Galeano …show more content…

In lecture, we, discussed that sugar cane was a very depleting crop. It would ruin the soil preventing the growth of other crops. When natural disasters like hurricanes hit the Caribbean islands, the sugar cane crops would be destroyed. This hurt the economy greatly. The country’s economy would be directly related to the amount of sugar harvested and traded among the Europeans and the United States (Galeano 72). Since the Caribbean islands like Cuba had been harmed by the cultivation of these crops the islands had to rely on exports. They would export the sugar to the other countries and import other goods such as machinery and automobiles. This made Caribbean countries like Cuba dependent on the United States as well as the other European countries for other necessary

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The wealth they created mostly returned to Britain, the products they made were consumed in Britain. African slavery was considered “essential” to the sugar producing system. There created two major triangles of trade, which connected nations of the world Britain, Africa, West Indies and the New World. One important feature of these triangles is human cargoes. The documentary on Big Sugar by Brian McKenna supports Mintz’s ideas by revealing the dark side of working on the plantations, and the terrible working conditions that the labors (or slaves) back then had to suffer.

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2. Sugarcane plantations – The sugarcane plantation was a plantation that had sugar as its main crop. Sugarcane became a popular crop throughout the world. These plantations were all across Brazil. The European workers died quickly while working in the plantations from different diseases.

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The manufacturers were faced with maintaining a high crop yield, but luckily the Caribbean islands provided an ideal location for growing cane sugar. Once plantations were constructed yet another issue confronted the owners, cheap labor. For the plantations to produce large enough quantities of sugar to fulfill the demand, many slaves were necessary; thus, a successful slave industry arose with the aid of these wealthy entrepreneurs who hoped to own successful plantations. The absentee owners in England, Spain, and France became increasingly wealthy as the demand and industry for sugar

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The South Atlantic System produced sugar, Tabaco, rice, other tropical and subtropical products for markets. These plantations were ruled by European planter merchants that were worked by enslaved Africans. 6. Middle Passage-

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Wright continues the telling of this historical event, under the topic of Fidelismo and the radicalization of Latin American politics. The combination of Castro’s actions and Che Guevara’s calls for revolution in the western hemisphere had a direct and profound effect on Latin American politics. This powerful force came to be known as Fidelismo and broken down to its core “it was simply the attitude that revolution should be pursued immediately” (Wright p. 39). On of the most noticeable symptoms of Fidelismo was an intense growth of demands for change. Wright notes that during this time, the intensity of political activities in many other Latin American countries increased, especially after Castro’s victory.

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It also increased the demand for cheap labor in the Americas. This resulted in a larger use of slaves and lead to the transatlantic slave trade. As suggested in “The Columbian Exchange: A History of Disease, Food, and Ideas'', over twelve million people from Africa were forcibly moved to the Americas and forced to work as slaves. Before the Columbian Exchange, slaves were rarely utilized in the Americas, but due to the increase in production of valued crops like sugarcane and coffee, they became the number one location for the use of slavery. Without the Columbian Exchange this would not have

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Since sugar cane had been introduced to West Indies, the techniques of sugar production, exploitation of labor, and economic organization developed on these islands were easily exported to the new world. Ultimately, the adoption of these production techniques and the system of colonial government from the Atlantic islands, with the institution of slavery, made sugar production the most profitable cultivation in the Americas. By the sixteenth century, both demand and prices had risen because refined sugar was replacing honey in most recipes and was increasingly used as a sweetener in jams, jellies and other popular food products across Europe. White Gold, as British colonists called it, was the engine of the slave trade that brought millions of Africans to the Americas beginning in the early sixteenth century. Profits from the sugar trade were so significant that it may have even helped America achieve independence from Great

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With the secession of the South from the Union, two separate economies were formed. In the South, the primeval settlers found the warm climate and fertile soil platonic for growing tobacco. They started many tobacco plantations and brought woebegone slaves from Africa to provide most of the labor. In time, other plantations crops, expressly cotton, sugarcane, and sugar beets, were found to thrive in the South (Doc. A). With the South having the superb climate and perfect soil, the South's economy was destined to be an agricultural economy based on slave labor (Doc. D).

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Early on, colonists discovered that large cash crops could be grown. Trade focused back toward the lucrative English market rather than among the colonies. The large-scale agriculture necessitated labor-intensive practices, giving rise to the importation of slaves. Tobacco, cotton and rice would come to dominate Southern agriculture. Manufactured goods were imported from England and the Southern Colonies returned tobacco, rice, hides and indigo.

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In the south, the warm, humid climate and southern, fertile soil allowed colonists to grow sugar cane, rice, as cash crops. The south was able to grow many crops and foods the middle colonies, northern colonies, and even many European countries could not produce. Even though large farming fields were a typical setting in the south, slave plantations quickly dominated the southern economy. “Profit-hungry settlers often planted tobacco to sell before they planted corn to eat” (Kennedy, 61). This quote and the 40 million pounds of tobacco annually exported during the 1630’s exemplified the desire and economic opportunity the south possessed.

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The elements of the South Atlantic system included the tools, equipment, and ships provided by European merchants, investors and planters, the Atlantic slave trade which encompassed African slaves, and plantations that were established on Native American territory. The system involved the purchase of African slaves by European planters and their transportation to the West Indies and the mainland. The slaves produced sugar and other raw materials that were exported to Europe, which were in turn manufactured into products or re-exported. This transaction greatly shaped the development of the United States and Europe. Barbados, St. Christopher, Brazil, Nevis, Montserrat, and other regions were transformed into slave-based plantation societies

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Sugarcane is a form of sucrose and used in almost all cultures. It is a historical crop that started in New Guinea. Because it was difficult to grow on European soil, it was very rare. When Columbus made his second voyage to the New World, he brought back sugarcane. Plantations in Cuba, Puerto Rico, and Jamaica made the production of the crop prosper.

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A quote which describes this best is one by Uruguayan journalist Eduardo Galeano “Latin America is the region of open veins. Everything, from the discovery until our times, has always been transmuted into European— or later United States— capital, and as such has accumulated in distant centers of power. Everything: the soil, its fruits and its mineral-rich depths, the people and their capacity to work and to consume, natural resources and human resources” (Galeano,

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