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Violence In Martin Mcdonagh's The Pillowman

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Martin McDonagh is an Irish playwright who wrote The Pillowman in 2003. He is the master of the horror comedy who poses this fact whether a life of horror is worth living at all. So, he starts by representing the horrific sexuality, injured bodies and so much blood on stage. At the same time, so many paradoxes, the same as innocence and darkness, are beside each other that emphasizes the grotesque situation. The audiences experience so many negative feelings such as violence, disgust, fear and grotesque in this play. Actually, he tries to represent the effects of parental abuse and violence against children. The main character Katurian has to face this fact who is disturbed and abused by his parents. So, he has been arrested …show more content…

In other words, Martin McDonagh’s plays have presented a kind of special laughter which follows by disgust and fear, and it is interesting because he might be best known as part of a long line of Irish playwrights who faced controversy due to his art. McDonagh’s The Pillowman highlights the most important themes such as the establishment of a Violence, Grotesque and power dynamic between characters. In other words, people with different purposes and goals prefer to use violence for receiving new opportunities to control other people and gain some benefits from them. Intrinsically, people like power and because of that sometimes use and apply different types of violence to show how powerful they are in the society. But everyone uses his own pattern for different situations and it is not limited to just physical ones. It means people never follow the same patterns in different conditions. It related to so many different factors that cause various …show more content…

In other words, the ego is the consciousness that balances the needs of the id against the expectations of the society. According to Freud, the id is part of the unconscious mind that controls a person`s basic impulses, such as sex, water, food. The ego is the conscious part of the mind that controls a person`s need of the id, being one person`s intellectual and rational thinking. The superego has the moralizing and critical role and is the representation of our societal rules, taboos, morays. It creates a feeling of guilt when social codes are violated. In conclusion, Id is the impulsive part of the psyche which responds immediately and directly to the instincts, while the superego incorporates the morals and values of the

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Manipulation and the struggle for control in “One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest In “One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest” by Ken Kesey, the role of manipulation is integral to showing the complexities of each character, and creates a set of standards in which right and wrong become indistinguishable in a human struggle for dignity and survival. The characters of McMurphy and Nurse Ratched show this most vividly, and the complex combination of manipulation and a human lust for survival come together in the end, in which the dignity of all involved is compromised. As a strategy of self-preservation and a grab for power,, manipulation comprises both good and evil: both the deep human need to survive and the deep human desire to maintain control. This is shown through McMurphy’s manipulation of the other patients, Nurse Ratched 's manipulation of everyone, and the patients manipulation of McMurphy.

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He portrays laughter as a parallel to freedom in order to illustrate how the power of laughter can free a man who is under control of an unjust authority. It was stated that “when an individual is no longer capable of laughing, he is also no longer capable of being in control of himself”, which happens when a greater authority has the power to deny a person of their laughter, and inevitably, denies them of their freedom. The power of laughter was introduced by McMurphy, giving the patients the courage to stand against the truncated concept of masculinity seen in Nurse Ratched. Finding humor in everything was his way of keeping sane and resistant to the Combine and Ratched’s force to make him conform to the ward’s rules and policies. The men on the ward gradually began to laugh along which showed Mcmurphy's powerful influence on the patients.

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In Randle Patrick McMurphy’s life, it is a constant struggle with authority. When he is transferred to a mental institution, he realizes the oppressive control placed by Nurse Ratched. McMurphy notices that Nurse Ratched's

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In the novel, McMurphy attacks the nurse brutally and attempts to kill her, “doctors and supervisors and nurses prying those heavy red fingers out of the white flesh of her throat as if they were her neck bones, jerking him backward” (Kesey 319). Also, the narrator shows mercy towards McMurphy by smothering him in his sleep, “and scissor the kicking legs with mine while I mashed the pillow into the face. I lay there on top of the body for what seemed days. Until the thrashing stopped” (323).

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In the struggle between freedom and power, McMurphy’s sacrifice allows freedom to prevail. His leadership in a rising rebellion parallels many of the countercultures that arose during the 1960s. His rebellion fights against Nurse Ratched in the way that the countercultures fought against the government and society in the past to the present. The men in the asylum are unknowingly unhappy before the arrival of McMurphy. Through his antics, the men are saved from society in the form of Nurse Ratched’s regime.

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