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Sumo Wrestlers

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Chapter One- Schoolteachers and Sumo Wrestlers “Economics is, at its root, the study of incentives: how people get what they want, or need, especially when other people need the same thing.” (Levitt/Dubner-16) This quotation lays the foundation for the entire book. Every situation that Levitt and Dubner face in the following chapters revolves around this basic concept of incentives. Sure, it’s an over-simplified explanation, but it immediately gives any layman a grasp on the core of economics. Instantly the reader knows the key tools to gaining a greater understanding of economics. This is the patented “plain terms” idea—“Freakonomics,”—that has made the book so popular. It’s accessible. The key point to look at in this quote …show more content…

There are two possibilities here. One, it has never been asked because of its sheer idiocy . . . or the more exciting option, it has never been asked because there has always been an alternative that has been blindly accepted. As the authors put it, if you can ask something that overturns conventional wisdom, you’re onto something. Chapter Four- Where Have All the Criminals Gone? “The broken window theory argues that minor nuisances, if left unchecked, turn into major nuisances: that is, if someone breaks a window and sees it isn’t fixed immediately, he gets the signal that it’s all right to break the rest of the windows and maybe set the building afire too.” (Levitt/Dubner-127) If you give them an inch, they’ll take a mile. This seems to be a fairly widely accepted fact. It’s human nature to find out just what you can get away with successfully and go to the very limits. Anyone with children knows this to be true. Little Tommy has a cookie before dinner one night and gets away with it, so the next night Jill tries to take a jar of cookies to her bedroom. What is truly intriguing about this, though, is that Levitt and Dubner go on to explain that this principle made little difference in their study of criminal behavior in their

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In the article, Birds and Bees, No Let’s Talk about Dollars and Cents, by Ben Stein, who was a former White House speechwriter, he informs his point successfully to his son that he needs self discipline to create human and financial capital to have a more stable life. The young boy has been living large his whole life and his father wants to help him keep it going by having self-discipline to make smart decisions so he doesn’t live in fear and insecurity. Ben Stein uses many anecdotes to get the point across to his son and the readers of the New York Times that people are capable of coming from nothing and turning into something with the willpower to make smart choices. With the use of anecdotes and repetition all throughout the letter, it

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The first theory I will be explaining is Rational Choice Theory. Cornish and Clarke argue that “offenders are rational people who seek to maximize their pleasure and minimize their pain.” (Cullen, 2015 pg. 438)

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Indeed, the Strain Theory could possibly be one way to explain such erroneous behavior. Strain Theory is Robert Merton’s take on Emile Durkheim’s concept of anomie which essentially says deviance is most likely to occur when there is a gap between goals and ways of obtaining them that are legal and safe. Velma Barfield’s heinous crimes can be dissected and examined using Strain Theory and three distinct happenings of her life which led to the murders of seven people. The first incident can be

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(Levitt and Dubner 19). The casual, informative tone achieves the purpose by keeping the reader interested. A book written with exactly the same information and conclusions as Freakonomics, but written with a formal tone instead of an informal, conversational tone would be much less

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Samantha Nyborg LEAP Writing 2011-05 September 15, 2014 Critique Draft Megan McArlde is a journalist and blogger who focuses most of her writing on things like finance, government policy, and economics. In her article “The College Bubble,” a magazine article published in Newsweek on September 17, 2012, McArlde writes about how the “Mythomania about college has turned getting a degree into an American neurosis” (1). She focuses a lot on the value of getting a college education, and makes an argument that all the time and money spent on earning a degree may not be worth it in the end. McArlde uses several strategies to appeal to her reader’s, and does a great job of effectively using the Logos, Pathos, and Ethos appeals throughout her article.

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This theory was established to prevent more serious crime from occurring over time. This article examined the effects of the Broken Windows Policing Approach involving these following topics under the direction of Bill Bratton’s Tenue: implementations, success, and failures. It also demonstrates whether or not the “Broken Windows Effect” has a minimal impact on the crime rate throughout the Bill Bratton’s era and did he remained “an exemplar of “good ‘broken windows’ practice” during his two-year stretch as NYPD commissioner under Mayor Rudolph Giuliani. Based on this concept, the New York City Police Department implemented a “zero tolerance” policy for policing petty

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Anderson, Fred. The War that Made America. New York, New York: Penguin Publishing Group, 2006. Fred Anderson's work on the Seven Year War center's upon an argument that the events during the conflict led up to and contributed to the American Revolution and the founding of the United States. Moreover, Anderson argues that the seeds of civil strife between England and its colonial possessions were sown at a time when English victory in North America was assured.

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Most crimes, they argue, are simple to commit, require no long-term planning, and provide few long-term benefits. In addition, this theory implies that individuals who were inadequately parented before the age of eight develop less self-control than individuals of approximately the same age who were raised with better parenting. Gottfredson and Hirschi argue that parents must monitor their children, recognize bad behavior, and correct this bad behavior. If self-control has not developed by ages eight to ten, they argue, it is not likely to develop. As a result, research have indicated that low levels of self-control are relevant to criminal and impulsive

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This powerful quote simply means the we as people must be willing to

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The broken-windows theory was enforced before zero-tolerance policy and the Mayor transitioned into a more strict policy for reducing crime. Broken windows policing was effective in reducing crime rates within the United States. The transition into zero-tolerance policy made the police look at small offenses more seriously because these small offenses and low-level crimes could lead to higher offenses. Zero-tolerance was implemented because the Mayor realized all criminal offenses needed to be taken

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By reading the book, I saw other people’s mistakes and learned what not to do. When I started reading, I could not believe how many people are finically illiterate and believed in schemes like the ugly debt and money myths. Those ugly myths are things like get rich quick schemes and thinking that debt is a good thing and could actually help them. These myths lead to people being in denial. This denial fails to stop people from “keeping up with the Joneses” which translates to people buying things they do not need and cannot pay for.

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Fifth, the specific direction of motives and drives is learned from definitions of the legal codes as favorable or unfavorable. Sixth, a person becomes delinquent because of an excess of definitions favorable to violation of law over definitions unfavorable to violation of the law. Seventh, Differential associations may vary in frequency, duration, priority, and intensity. Eighth, the process of learning criminal behavior by association with criminal and anti-criminal patterns involves all of the mechanisms that are involved in any other learning. Lastly, while criminal behavior is an expression of general needs and values, it is not explained by those needs and values, since non-criminal behavior is an expression of the same needs and values.

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(Analysis) This quote shows that if one joins together with a community, everyone will benefit rather than trying to stand

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Researchers have invested decades worth of time and data, attempting to answer the question of what causes crime. The study of criminological theory contains a great number of explanations, focused on discovering why exactly, crime occurs. Whether causations are biological, psychological, or sociological in nature, theory has lead us closer to answering the question of why crime happens. Perhaps causations are best explained using hybrid explanations that include a little bit of everything.

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