protein. The experiment uses two sets of T2 bacteriophages. DNA has P but no S and Protein has S but not P. They also knew that something from T2 phage entered E. coli cells and directed the bacteria to produce more phage. They assumed that the genetic material was the material that entered the cell. So they set out to determine the chemical nature of the material. In separate experiments they infected E. coli cells with 35S or 32P labeled phage. By analyzing the products they determined that 32P entered the cell. Thus DNA must be the genetic material. As you known that the structure of DNA is a double-helix polymer consists of two polynucleotide chains strands wound around each other. Polymer - linked chain of subunits. Bonds between the base …show more content…
The nucleotide of DNA consists of a deoxyribose sugar molecule to which is attached a phosphate group and one of four nitrogenous bases: two purines (adenine and guanine) and two pyrimidines (cytosine and thymine). The nucleotides are linked together by covalent bonds between the phosphate of one nucleotide and the sugar of the next, forming a phosphate-sugar backbone. The sugar phosphate backbone is identical in every DNA molecule. DNA within the cell must be able to replicate itself. At this time, the cells is divided, the two strands of DNA also split and one strand be used as a template. This process is carried out by enzymes called DNA polymerases. Moreover, DNA chromosomes are depicted as X-shaped structures and when replicated chromosomes are highly condensed and appear in an X shape. In the nucleus, DNA forms a complex with proteins which is translated by mRNA and mRNA is created from DNA by the process transcription. This complex is called chromatin and is formed when the DNA wraps around nuclear proteins. In conclusion, with the chemical structure of DNA is very complex and researchers such as Oswald Avery, Frederick Griffith and Hershey-Chase has conducted experiments using