In the article, Testing Natural Selection by Allen Orr, the process of natural selection through genetics evolution is discussed. Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace had discovered natural selection in 1858 and later went on to further the studies on Origin of Species was published by Darwin in 1859 According to Orr, natural selection is bigger than scientist even realize it to be and Darwinism is revolutionary because it suggests that the logic of nature is a simple one. Natural selection was not recognized until the 20th century as a key to evolution. Biologist still went on and studied natural selection through various experiments, which focused on three main goals. Ultimately the goals of natural selection surround discovering the relationship …show more content…
Evolution has to be recognized through generations and speciation. Short lived organism are prime candidates for evolutionary studies. In evolution, natural selection is implemented through genetic changes and mutations and brings variation. Natural selection continuously eliminates the less fit, leaving life sustainable for the fit in the environment. According to Orr the lifetime of organism are shorter than the lifetime of species. Orr discusses bacteria due to their fast reproduction and ability to adapt. Bacteria were tested because bacteria reproduce fast and specific type of bacteria can reproduce can increase the chance of surviving. In his writing he states the harmful, or bad mutations, on fitness (surviving and reproducing in a given environment). Furthermore, he introduces adaptive evolution which is a two-step process. The mathematical process concept of a long life population, in which species are likely to increase over time. Orr focuses on how Natural Selection plays a very big role on genetics. Kimaru states that all genetic mutations are selectively neutral and refers to the concept of genetic drift. Genetic drift is the change of genetic and allele frequency through mutations which explains the selective changes in the organisms at the molecular level. Orr presents a study that was done by David Begun and Charles Langley that …show more content…
This article states how both, Culver and Pipan do not believe that the changes are evolutionary are explained by natural selection. However, Orr argued the same point in his article. The reason why both of the articles disagree with Darwin’s theory about natural selection is for change in evolution but still agree with him about natural selection being the main idea of change in evolution. Overall it can be concluded that natural selection is broad topic in biological studies which differs in factors of