Diffusion is a phenomena in which an innovation is conveyed through channels over time among the members of the social system. An idea of developing an automobile (Innovation), with an engine, a mechanical system that could convert engine into a motive power, a steering mechanisms to guide a path, and storage space for belonging. Further, the idea was communicated through channels such as media, newspaper, radio (Channel). For instance, Europeans innovating fuel-injection and anti-locking braking systems that were introduced in high performance automobiles. Another example could be of Japanese small car design. Time is a crucial element in a diffusion. Initially, idea of automobile was pitched, to which FORD took an initiative and innovated …show more content…
The fluid phase (product innovation), the transitional phase (process innovation) and the specific phase. World War II marked the innovation in technology and USA turned out to be a super power. It was the fluid phase in history of automotive industry. Product design was the prime motto of the company. A design could be dominated and appreciated by the public, if it could offer a system, integrated with engine to carry users and their belongings. Engine is heart of an automobile. Innovation were done to figure out the best engine. Further innovations in the field of drive train, suspensions, chassis, interiors, electronics, and also customer desire for greater speed, comfort, safety. Furthermore, fuel, which is an important parameter, also played a major part of product innovation. Safety regulation, exhaust emissions can also be included in shaping a great design. Once certain features and a standard automobile structure was established, it was time for manufacturing (process) it on a large scale. The two manufacturing process that the world inspired was the mass manufacturing by Ford motor and Lean manufacturing by Toyota. Initially mass manufacturing had effect worldwide. Ford motor company was the first one to initiate such a manufacturing, and it was one of the epic visions of Henry Ford. People from various countries tried to apply Ford manufacturing technique. Toyota in Japan innovated a lean manufacturing, that was highly efficient technique than Ford's Mass manufacturing. The facts (Table 17.4,17.5,17.6) are scary and depict success of Toyota's manufacturing