The Evolution Of The US Army And The AEF

Analysis of the US Army of the Frontier Era and the AEF in 1917 Kaitlin Murch History 343, Recent American Military History Professor: Jay D. Kubler 22 October 2024

The United States Army has undergone significant evolution from the Frontier Era (approximately 1865-1890) to the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) during World War I in 1917. The Army's transition reflects profound changes in military doctrine, organization, training, material, leadership, personnel, facilities, and policies. The evolution of the U.S. Army from a decentralized force defending settlers to a structured, modern army capable of large-scale operations in World War I was influenced by several factors, including changes in military doctrine and lessons learned from

By 1917, the global military landscape had changed dramatically. The U.S. entered World War I amid an escalating conflict among European powers. The AEF represented a shift towards a modern army capable of engaging in large-scale, coordinated operations. This period highlighted the need for a more organized and technologically advanced military to address the complexities of contemporary warfare. During the Frontier Era, U.S. Army doctrine focused on irregular warfare and engagement with indigenous populations. Commanders relied on scouting and small-unit tactics tailored to the unpredictable nature of frontier conflicts. In contrast, the AEF adopted formalized doctrines emphasizing trench warfare and combined arms tactics. The experiences of the war required a more sophisticated approach to battlefield strategy, including artillery support and air reconnaissance, which were critical for success in World War I. The organizational structure of the U.S. Army evolved dramatically from the Frontier Era to the AEF. In the Frontier Era, the Army consisted of smaller, decentralized units with a primary focus on cavalry and infantry. The command structure was often informal, with leaders relying heavily on local