CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Health is essential to life; it is the wellbeing of an individual. The general overall condition of someone in terms of fitness, soundness, vitality and proper functioning. (Encarta 2009)
Urbanization factor in Ogun state (i.e. the presence of Olusegun Obasanjo’s farm, Canaan land and Africa Leadership Forum) security, commercial centres and affordable housing causes cluster and improper control of these increases the health risk of the municipals. Rapid and unplanned urban growth is often linked with poverty, environmental degradation (any change or disturbance to the environment perceived to be undesirable) and population demands that outstrip service capacity.
The essence of this study is to ensure awareness and prevention of industrial hazards, urbanization challenges and health risk to everyone living and working in this area. Poor management, inadequate planning and bad sanitary habits culminate in urbanization, industrialization and health risks.
Environmental engineering/ Public health as a branch of Civil engineering is concerned with the safety of the environment and habitants and urban and public health.

1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
The importance of health to man cannot be overemphasized nor neglected in the development and nation building. This is the reason why this study highlights the health risks involved in urbanization and industrialization of an area. Health is a condition of complete physical, mental and social