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The Legacy Of Hatshepsut's Reign During The 18th Dynasty

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The legacy of Hatshepsut’s reign during the 18th Dynasty is recognised as an important feature in understanding her commitment and responsibilities as female pharaoh of Egypt. As the daughter of Thutmose I and Queen Ahmose, Hatshepsut ruled Egypt under the traditions of past pharaohs though representing herself as a man. Everything that Hatshepsut contributed to society reflected on her representation as pharaoh and her reigning tributes; this is mainly suggested through her surviving monuments, for example the Deir el-Bahri in Egypt today.

Hatshepsut’s legacy was an important contribution to Egypt during this time period. It was the time of the development of the New Kingdom, the beginning of a new testament. Before Hatshepsut was recognised …show more content…

Because pharaoh’s were always male, her representation was crucial. As pharaoh, she began to establish different policies, one of which was military campaign. As a pharaoh, it is seen as significant if you have many titles and successions, promoting yourself as an important role model to follow. Hatshepsut depicted herself as a “warrior pharaoh”, along with other titles that made her look more powerful and traditional. Historian John Albert Wilson, who is an Egyptologist states in 1951 that “she records no military campaigns or conquests....Her pride was in the internal development of Egypt and commercial enterprise” (J.A Wilson, page 174, The Culture of Ancient History). This is shown to be a negative statement regarding Hatshepsut’s legacy and it clearly points out that her reign in the 18th Dynasty was not concentrated on the military campaign but in ruling the country. Historian, Sir Alan Gardiner, who states 10 years after Wilson’s statement “had been barren of any military enterprise except an unimportant raid into Nubia”. (A. Gardiner, page 189, Egypt of the Pharaohs). This response to Hatshepsut’s legacy reflects on the campaigns she conducted in Nubia (known as Sudan today) and also shows a negative perspective from a historian studying this. The foreign policy, expedition to Punt, was also an important perspective on Hatshepsut’s reign and legacy. In order for

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This serves as official documentation of her coronation, by referring to herself as the successor of Amun's throne in the inscription, Hatshepsut clearly asserts her status as a deity. Her power over Egypt and her legitimacy to rule as the head of New Kingdom Egypt are proven within the inscription. This suggests that she was seen as a divinely appointed monarch and was held in high regard by her subjects due to her special status. Hatshepsut's prominence is further demonstrated by the inscription of her coronation, which emphasised both her relationship with the gods and the succession of the throne. Furthermore, it demonstrated her legitimacy, which was essential to her rule since in Ancient Egypt, monarchs were thought to have semi-divine power; as a result, a ruler whose legitimacy and divine authority were questioned would not endure for very long.

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Traditionally, it was the role for a Pharaoh to pursue an active building program, but recognising that she was in uncharted waters, Hatshepsut took ambitious steps building on a grander scale than any pharaoh before. The Mortuary Temple at Deir-el-Bahri was one of the greatest Egyptian architectural achievements (plate 11) as several pharaohs also decided to place their temples near Hatshepsut's, to connect themselves with the grandeur of her temple. Hatshepsut also constructed four enormous obelisks to Amon which was mentioned in Thuity’s (Hatshepsut’s official) tomb depicted in plate 8, the Red Chapel which depicted many of the events and accomplishments of her reign, the temple at Buhen, the temple at Medinet Habu and the fortress of Western Thebes which is evident in an inscription highlighted in plate 9.

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