The Neo-Assyrian Empire: Iron Age
In Mesopotamia, around the late third and early second millennia, the region was under a Babylonian dynasty, until falling to the Hittites, essentially leaving Assyrians in control of the southern region of Mesopotamia. Both Babylonian and Assyrian dynasties would encode messages in their art and architecture, typically though cuneiform by making impressions into clay to depict text, often expressing royal power or supremacy. Essentially, Babylonian and Assyrian art would typically incorporate messages that express power, authority, and supremacy, in which many of these messages could be considered propagandistic, intending to influence others of their political or religious beliefs. Although both Babylonian and Assyrian art expression various messages, major reoccurring messages expressed political or military power and authority, often through scenes of battle, animals, and royal supremacy through the hierarchy scale.
What will you be doing without any crops or living without writing? Well Mesopotamia created writing and they created irrigation systems which allowed people to grow a surplus (Sur-Plus Surplus means to have extra of something) of food, Mesopotamia was located between the Tigris and Euphrates river Mesopotamia was a successful civilization because their land were fertile and that allowed them to grow a surplus of food by the way did you know that Mesopotamia was the first civilization and they created writing. Mesopotamia impacted the world because they made irrigation systems which allowed them to grow a surplus of food, also they impacted the world because they created writing which allowed people to record events, remember stuff, and to learn. Mesopotamia impacted the world because they created writing which allowed them to learn, record events, and to remember stuff.
God used the Babylonian empire, under the leadership of King Nebuchadnezzar, to conquer Judah, and lead the Jewish people captive to Babylon during three deportations, 605 B.C., 597 B.C., and 586 B.C. God determined that the Jewish people would remain in captivity for 70 years (cf. Jer. 25:11; 29:10) for failure to adhere to the mandated land Sabbaths that occurred over 490 years (2 Chron. 36:21). When the 70 years were completed, God began His sovereign plan to bring His people back to the Promised Land and commence building the second temple (2 Chron. 36:22-23; Jer. 29:10; Ezra 1).
Ancient Mesopotamia was a civilization from 4,000 B.C., which was almost 6,000 years ago! A civilization is a large group of non-nomadic people with its language and set of rules, usually advanced for its time. Ancient Mesopotamia, located in the Fertile Crescent (Modern day Iran/Turkey), has been debated for years, with people asking, “should Ancient Mesopotamia be considered the first civilization?” Well, Mesopotamia should be considered the first civilization because of its social structure, politics, and achievements. Ancient Mesopotamia had an advanced social structure for its time.
The first Persian Empire, Achaemenid Empire, lasting from 550 BCE to 330 BCE, reached its height under ruler Cyrus the Great. At its peak, it encompassed Iraq and Iran, Syria, Israel, Anatolia, parts of Egypt, the Arabian Peninsula, a large portion of Central Asia, and Macedonia to the north of the classical Greek Empire. The tension between the Persians and Greek civilizations would eventually provoke Alexander the Great, whose conquest of Persia eventually ended the Achaemenid Empire. Significantly smaller than the Achaemenid Empire, the Parthian Empire lasted from 247 BCE to 224 CE. The Parthians were the arch rivals of the Roman Empire and defeated them in Rome 's early attempts at eastward expansion toward Persia.
Ancient civilizations began in areas that had arable land and other features such as rivers. Civilizations succeeded in these environments because they could settle down and not live a nomadic lifestyle. Because the land was arable, agriculture prospered and people relied on the geography to grant them the elements needed for survival. In China and Egypt, geography greatly influenced and affected the lives of the people living there because of the prosperous rivers and large natural barriers.
Empires during the 800 to 1600 CE saw huge changes in social, economic, political, and cultural ways. Physical items are especially important in shaping an empire, whether these items are foreign items obtained from trading or natural resources found on their land. Additionally, technological advancements and inventions also greatly influence the state. Materialistic goods, foreign, native, and man-made, influence the development and fate of the nation. Technological advancements and inventions special to an empire helped them cement their status among nations and also within their own people.
The Egyptian Middle Kingdom and Babylonia had many similarities related in geography. Despite this they also had numerous distinct differences. Fundamental similarities manifested as care for the people by the rulers which had recently developed in both societies. As the rulers were no longer concerned with only themselves, but the citizens as well. Both societies had military protection although Babylon organized and conquered the Fertile Crescent and later Egypt.
Although the Mesopotamians and Egyptians of 3500 to 1500 B.C.E. were similar due to social hierarchy and power roles, nevertheless, the differences between Mesopotamians and Egyptians are evident with politics. This is because of the way Egyptians saw opposing countries as enemies and how Mesopotamians saw other countries as trading partners. The Mesopotamians viewed their priests as extremely powerful people, believing that priests were connected spiritually to the gods and worked hard to appease the gods. The priests would use this to their advantage. For example, selling amulets to citizens to ‘ward off evil spirits’ was just a business move for the priests to make more money and keep their power.
Following the death of Alexander the Great in 323 B.C.E., all of his conquered territories were divided between Alexander 's generals, known as the Diodochi. And one of Alexander 's many generals, Seleucus, was a close associate of his, giving him a solid chance to obtain one of his conquered territories. After the First War of the Diodochi, Seleucus received Babylonia. Once Seleucus had received Babylonia, he soon started to expand his rule into Alexander 's eastern territories. All of these territories would soon come to form the Seleucid Empire, which lasted from 312-64 B.C.E. The Seleucid Empire was made up of modern Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Lebanon, with parts of Turkey, Armenia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and
Civilization is the cooperation between individuals within a region. The first civilizations were Mesopotamian and Egyptian civilizations. Both civilizations acquired a different environment. However, their environment promoted religion, specifically polytheism. Although their environments were different, both civilizations were in harmony about the existence of many gods.
3000 BCE: Cuneiform (History) In Ancient Mesopotamia, the Sumerians developed the earliest standardized writing system: Cuneiform. Small marks were made with a pointed, wedge-shaped stylus on clay tablets, and were used to recorded business transactions. (Style) In its early forms, Cuneiform was written in columns from top to bottom. As many of the symbols were reoriented on their sides, the writing direction also turned to rows from left to right.
The Assyrian empire and the Persian empire were two of the earliest major empires in the world. The Assyrians came in to power first, ruling from 900 BC to about 600 BC and with the help of Cyrus the Great, the Persians rose to power around 550BC. The Assyrian and Persian militaries shared many similarities, but they also differed in some aspects. Some of their similarities include their battle tactics, the organization of their armies, and their success in conquering societies. One of the major differences that stood out the most was that the Assyrians used a more brutal approach when conquering and the Persians used a more enlighten approach and were more tolerant.
The Hittites and The Assyrians According to the book “the Hittites were an Indo-European speaking people who arrived around 2000 B.C.E.” They were conquerors and colonists who imposed themselves and their language on the people the vanished. The Hittite Kingdom was located on the central Anatolian Plateau.
According to Sherry F. Colb, (Judge Frederick Lacey Scholar at Rutgers Law School), she believes that “prostitution should not be a crime”. She believes that prostitution shouldn’t be labeled crime because no one is committing an inherently harmful act. This is called crimes without victims. Nevada being the only stated in American that legalizes prostitution, Nevada permits Prostitution only licensed brothels, which is in eight counties within that state. In addition to that, other counties and outside of brothels where prostitution is legal, “prostitution and solicitation are considered a misdemeanor crimes” in state of Nevada.
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