Surveillance came about for the purpose of distinguishing people from one another and placing them into groups. It also helped to keep track of population control and keep track of land ownership. Surveillance provides us with knowledge, which helps maintain order and retain implemented rules.
Jeremy Bentham designed the Panopticom in the late 18th century. The Panopticom is an architectural figure that enables all of the cells to be viewed from a central tower in a prison setting. The inmates were clearly visible but could not view the guards inside the tower. The Panopticom has become the principal model or metaphor for analysing surveillance. A French philosopher names Michael Foucault developed a social theory called Panopticism from