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The Pros And Cons Of Medical Imaging

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Medical imaging refers to any process in a medical setting where the body is imaged to diagnose non-superficial injury or disease. The professional of medical imaging involves a variety of imaging techniques, two of the most common being Computed Tomography (CT), and Ultrasound scans. Medical imaging can be used for diagnostic (CT/Ultrasound) or therapeutic purposes, as is the case with Radiation Therapy which using ionising radiation to control malignant cells. Furthermore, medical imaging modalities can be further divided into Ionising radiation and non-ionising radiation imaging techniques. It is these radiation properties that determines the safe proximity a medical practitioner can be in relation to a scan when it is being performed.

Ionising radiation

To produce a medical image, energy is required. In medical imaging radiation is the form of energy utilised. In physics, radiation is defined as “the emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as subatomic particles, especially high-energy particles that cause radiation” (REF). Ionising radiation is of a shorter …show more content…

The internal body structures able to be visualised with ultrasound include tendons, muscles, joints, blood vessels, and internal organs. However, it is unable to image through air, and therefore has issues with the lungs, bowel loops or bone. The high frequency energy, in the form of sound waves, used in ultrasound are higher than those audible to humans (>20,000 Hertz). The process of producing an image, or sonogram, using ultrasound relies on the pulse echo principle. This involves sending pulses of ultrasound into tissue using a transducer, with the sound reflecting, or echoing, back to the transducer to be recorded. Differing tissues will send sound echoes of varying degrees, and therefore body tissues can be differentiated and

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1. Write a brief introduction about the diagnostic imaging modality. Nuclear medicine is a section of medical imaging that uses radioactive medication known as radiotracers or radiopharmaceutical (Understanding nuclear medicine, 2009). Radiotracers are given to the patient through injection, swallowing or inhalation, which makes the body radioactive for a short time. The radiation is detected by a special camera, and then the image is produced.

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The ultrasound machine has seven different parts, “the first part which is the most important part which is referred to the “eyes and ears of the human body” which is called the transducer probe, which sends and receives sound waves. The second part of the machine is the CPU ( central processing unit) and it is a computer that does all of the calculations and contains the electrical power supplies for itself and the transducer probe. Then the third part of this machine is the transducer pulse control, it changes the amplitude, frequency and duration of the pulses

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MR is a powerful imaging machine depend on the radio wave, unlike the other modalities which depend on the ionizing radiation. However, there are different sources of risk with magnetic resonance imaging, which the health providers should aware of (Dempsey, Condon, & Hadley, 2002). One of the main risks is ferromagnetic metal objects which can be projectiles with a strong static field. As the MRI develops and the magnetic field increases from 1.5 Tesla to 3 Tesla and more, as the power to pull the ferromagnetic objects toward a magnetic field has become stronger (Westbrook, Roth, & Talbot, 2011). The patient safety is the most important concern in MRI besides the diagnosis.

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Ultrasound does not go through bone and clear image of some part of the body can not produced for instance brain which is surrounded by bones. Although ultrasound is a safe technique and it doesn't use ionising radiation, but it has some limitation for example ultrasound is not useful for examining the structures that has gas on them. Another risk related to ultrasound is

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MRI Technologist is program that requires different prerequisite to apply into the program. Most of the students should verify the accreditation of that educational establishment by ARRT to be sure in the future they will not have any difficulties to practice their career. According, to ARRT declares that,” ARRT believes that the general education courses required for an academic degree will provide a firm foundation to support the evolving role of the technologist and the lifelong learning necessitated by the increasing rate of technological change. Quantitative and communication skills and understanding of human behavior that are acquired through general education classes are believed by ARRT to have value in continuing to shape professionalism

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a medical exam used to image the body to help screen, diagnose, measure the success of medical treatments, and view the function of some organs. MRI uses a magnetic field, radio waves, and hydrogen nuclei within the human body to produce images. MRI does not use radiation to acquire images as many of the other imaging modalities do. Not using radiation is a benefit of MRI since radiation is cumulative, and there are always concerns of radiation induced cancers if used repeatedly as needed for things such as follow ups. No radiation also makes MRI safer for children and expectant mothers.

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There are a number of ways that brain activity can be measured and viewed, these vary from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to lesion studies, each one having their own advantages and disadvantages. A lesion study can be construed as a method of the neuropsychologist to study the behaviour that is altered by the selected removal of one or more of the brain’s components (Gazzaniga et al., 2008, p.125). This method of study implements a unique insight into how the human brain generates emotion and feeling through electrical impulses (Feinstein, 2013, p.304). Gazzaniga et al (2008) do point out that one of the major impediments of a lesion study is that humans cannot be subjected to brain lesions as an experimental procedure.

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Nuclear medicine is a type of medicine that uses radiation to work. By using this method, doctors can diagnose diseases such as cancer and neurological disorders and it can tell them what stage, the severity, etc. patients

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Radionuclide Imaging Radionuclide imaging is a process of scanning body using the elements that emit radiations. They are mixed with the chemical compounds, and these compounds get concentrated in the parts of body which are infected or the diseased areas of the body. The device known as GAMMA CAMERA produces an image to locate the Radionuclide particle.

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A post mortem was previously used by neurologist in order for them examine the human brain and its many functions. However, technology increased accessibility to brain imaging techniques, as well as non-invasive ways to examine the brain in more detail (Morton, Sandhu, & Jones, 2016). MRI and PET Scans are the two modern methods of examining the human brain. Magnetic Resonance Imaging or MRI is a modern day technique which uses detailed computer imagery to identify body structures. An MRI image produces a composite three-dimensional image; the resolution detects tiny changes of structures within the body, identifying strokes, tumours, as well as detecting bleeding and possible swelling of the brain (Galotti, 2008).

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For the past 70 years, ultrasounds have been continually evolving with both diagnosis and treatment. An ultrasound is a type of diagnostic imaging technology. This technology uses sound waves to develop images based on the internal structures of the body. When the sound waves are being projected from a transmitter attached to the ultrasound and hits tissue, the sound waves reflect and create echoes which create a picture on the screen, the shorter the wavelength, the finer the detail of the picture. This is used to help physicains discover the reasoning of a patient’s pain, swelling and infection.

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Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION In medical science, imaging technology plays an important role in the diagnosis of the disease . It helps the doctor to see the interior part or portion of the body with ease which results in easy diagnosis i.e. doctor can make effective surgeries which is crucial for the diagnosis of disease and doctor can look inside easily without opening or closing too much part of the body. In the medical imaging there are different kind of alternates through which images are taken and that are and images are taken with the help of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), CT- scanners , X-Ray imaging, Endoscopy etc. We take the advantages of these medical imaging techniques in order to detect the abnormalities and the diseases.

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of radiology is to obtain images which are adequate for the clinical purpose with minimum radiation dose to the patient. If optimum performance is to be achieved, assessment of image quality must be made to balance against patient dose. X-rays are known to cause malignancies, skin damage and other side effects and therefore are potentially dangerous. It is therefore essential and mandatory to reduce the radiation dose to patients in diagnostic radiology to the barest minimum (Watkinson, Moore’s., 1984).

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Radiology continues to be used in a wide verity of industries where the equipment is used to monitor security as well as measure quality but in the medical field, radiology has remains limited due to the limitation of radiation that can be used on people safely. To compensate, researchers and scientist and developers have moved their attention from increasing the radiation dosage to actually using the acceptable dosses to capture clearer images which can also be produced faster. In addition to image quality, and speed the digital radiology equipment can also capture different X-Ray resolutions in a single exposure thus reducing the cost and time required to secure different

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Even though the medical practitioners feel that they are scientifically correct within the culture of the professions, they should empower the patient in decision making skill about their treatment. The patients who are undergoing the medical examination involving ionizing have the right to know the risk and benefit and its duty of the medical practitioners to inform the patient. This may be problematic if there is lack knowledge and awareness of the radiation risks and benefits among the medical practitioners. The medical practitioners along with radiologist are well positioned to dispel these fears because of their training and their access to and ability to interpret information from scientific organizations specifically concerned with the determination of radiation risk. . Pamphlets and handouts can be given to anxious patients before examinations.

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