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The Sarbanes-Oxley Act

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The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 is a legislative response to a number of corporate scandals that sent shockwaves through the world financial markets. Some of the biggest issues involved Enron, Tyco and WorldCom. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, commonly referred to as SOX, attempts to strengthen corporate oversight and improve internal corporate control. The main purpose of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act is to protect shareholders from fraudulent representation in corporate financial statements. Investors need to know that the financial information they rely on is truthful, and that an independent third party has verified its accuracy. During the late 90’s and early 2000’s, several key companies in the United States were exposed for fraudulent reporting profits
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According to the 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act court ruling of 6-3 which states, whistleblowers will have security against subcontractors, public companies, and private contractors. Any employees who reports that their company has got revenge against them for reporting alleged wrongdoing can conceivably bring legal statements against their employer. In this case Val Riviello would be protected under the Sarabanes-Oxley Act.

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The year is 1929. The Stock Exchange is failing and panic rises in the American people. Left and right people are pulling every dollar and cent out of their bank accounts, as the banks begin to close one by one. Commercial and investment banks, whose affairs were intertwined with one another, collapse sending the economy into a downward spiral. This economic crisis needed to be reformed, and the Glass-Steagall Banking Reform Act was the light at the end of the tunnel.

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The Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX), Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and Gramm-Leach-Bliley (GLBA) acts all revolve around safeguarding or guaranteeing that information is truthful. While each act is protecting data in separate fields there are some very clear similarities. SOX requires companies to provide accurate accounting and requires a framework that can generate financial reports that are readily verifiable with traceable source data. There are three key provisions. Section 302 makes officers responsible for the accuracy of financial statements and the strength of their procedures for financial accounting.

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The Sarbanes-Oxley Act is an important piece of legislation that helps to protect investors from fraudulent activities in the securities markets. By requiring public companies to annually report on the effectiveness of their internal controls and procedures, the Act helps to ensure that investors have access to reliable financial information and can make informed decisions when investing in the stock

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The Dodd-Frank act is an important part of the financial industry over the last 10 years. The act has introduced regulation that helps to look over and monitor banks and financial companies to help protect customer’s investments following the financial crisis. The Dodd-Frank Act was introduced and passed by Congress in 2010 to help protect consumers, regulate finance, and prevent major financial disasters. (Liu) The bill was implemented to help customers and protect markets, but it has many critiques.

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Background WorldCom, once known as one of the most powerful telecommunication organizations of the world, is now studied as a case of a fraudulent company that carried out unethical financial activities to cover its weakening position in the market. After some aggressive investment decisions, the company started to witness huge financial pressure. The management used various forged accounting entries to conceal its weakening position. Cynthia Cooper, Vice President Internal Audit, discovered the unethical activities and raised the issue with the management and relevant departments and received bitter responses. She carried out internal audits in her own capacity with her colleagues and compiled evidence against fraudulent activities.

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