The Science Of Phrenology: Chapter Analysis
The quote stated by Lorraine Hansberry in the second prompt is basically an embodiment of B. F. Skinner’s theories. The quote states “It’s simple. You read books—to learn facts—to get grades—to pass the course—to get a degree. It has nothing to do with thoughts.” Skinner, the father of Behaviorism, invented many terms used in psychology today.
Automobiles. Telephones. Lightbulbs. These were some of the major technological innovations created during 1865 to 1920. These creations impacted many Americans, even to this day.
These resources helped to build parts for the steam engine. The English scientific thought also helped cause the Industrial Revolution. People discovered different ways to things to make the process more efficient. Jethro Tull invented the Horse drawn seed drill which planted seeds in straight rows with significantly less labor (Document 7).
There have been many important technological advances in our past. The invention of the telegraph and the cotton gin made a huge impact and continue to influence us today. The telegraph played a key role in the Union’s victory during the United States Civil War. During the 1800’s the cotton gin played an enormous role in slavery. By examining the telegraph and the cotton gin and also consequences of both, it is clear that they have greatly influenced history.
1.) What does it mean to say that Descartes was a dualist and an interactionist? According to Descartes, How did humans differ from animals? To say that Descartes was a dualist is to say that he believed the mind and body are two separate and distinguishable essences. The immaterial mind and the material body although separate, causally interact.
One of those developments is the invention of the refracting telescope by Hans. Hans Lippershey also known as Johann Lippershey invented the telescope in 1604. The telescope is basically an instrument that makes far objects become much nearer and it is used by astronomers to see the universe and study stuff about it. Another main invention is the invention of the air pump by Otto von Guericke. The air pump is used to fill stuff like a bike with air.
John Locke and Baron de Montesquieu were political philosophers that debated the question of who was best fit to control the government. Locke and Montesquieu shared similar political beliefs such as natural rights and the separation of government powers. However, both philosophers did, in fact, have their personal views that helped them accomplish important achievements. John Locke published “Two Treatises of Government” and “ An Essay Concerning Human Understanding,” which present a detail philosophy of the mind and thought. Locke’s “An Essay Concerning Human Understanding,” lays out his philosophical project.
As machines grew in importance during this era, the number of scientific associations and educational institutions increased, and more scientists and engineers started to discuss how scientific knowledge could be applied to the manufacturing and agricultural processes. This was part of the communication revolution, as there was an immense amount of conversating between the people for better improvement in the world. For instance, mechanics and Newton’s scientific methods rose to height during this era, and this led to greater industrial successes and efficiency. Furthermore, inventions that came about during this era, such as the telephone and the automobile, had profound impacts on people’s lives. Previously limited by time and distance, sending information or travelling became easier and more accessible.
To better understand each of those perspectives, the quote will be applied to each perspective starting with biopsychological. Biopsychology is the perspective of psychology that focuses on our brain and nervous system. This perspective also explains how biology affects our behavior and says that the cause of a behavior is our brain. Applying the quote to the biopsychological perspective would explain that the chicken would cross the road because its brain sent electrical impulses down to its feet. This caused the muscles in the chicken’s legs to propel it forward and thus cross to the other side of the road.
There is only one approach in psychology that studies thoughts, feelings and behaviour. The biological approach believes that the way we are is due to our genetics and physiology. They believe that the activity going on our nervous system’s is what affects the way we think, feel and behave (Sammons, 2009). The physiology in the biological approach looks into how the brain functions. The brain is a very complicated machine as such, the brain is what controls our every move, every feeling and every action.
However, due to the limitation of skills, most of the researches done are not well designed. A main limitation of psychology as a field of study is that it never captures the nature of consciousness (Willig, 2013), as human mind is bound up with meanings and interpretations which differ from one individual to another
Behaviorists believe that anything to do with cognition is outside the study of psychology and they define psychology as the study of observable behavior whereas Freud placed much emphasis on mental life. Freud divided the mind into three parts the conscious, the preconscious and the unconscious. He believed that the unconscious mind contained desires, inaccessible memories and impulses that are responsible for human behavior. Skinner embraced psychology as a science by using experiments and observations to prove his theories.
Psy20150 Essay. Name: Clodagh Finnerty Student Number: 13362386 ‘It has been argued that two events led to the development of the modern discipline of Psychology: the foundation of Wilhelm Wundt’s Institute of Experimental Psychology, and the introduction of a new theory of evolution, described in Darwin’s Origin of Species. Critically assess the impact of these events on Psychology and society.’
In the Second Industrial Revolution, the most important invention was the automobile. The automobile in the United States of America was made in the early 1890’s. This invention was the most important because of these three main reasons, faster, it was convenient, and you had freedom of going to other places. The automobile had made transportation much faster. Instead of traveling by foot they were able too used an object much faster and easier.
During the Industrial Revolution many inventions and discoveries were made. Many of the inventions of the Industrial Revolution changed society during the time period of 1700 to 1914, among which changed the ways of transportation, communication, and ways of human labor. The steam engine was a great contributor to the change in transportation, because it resulted in the invention of the steamboat and steam locomotive. The telephone was crucial to the development of communication, because it made it possible to instantly communicate across a distance, something not possible before that. Finally the ways of human labor changed with new machinery that was invented from devices that powered machinery, to devices that helped workers create the product
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