Affirmative action was designed by the federal government and seemed to be a strong tactic but there are many imperfections in this policy. For example, California vs Bakke is a famous court case based off of reverse discrimination. A white male by the name Allan Bakke was denied admission to The University of California medical school. Instead of picking Bakke the school accepted a less qualified black male because the school must accept at least 16 minorities out of 100 into the medical program. The university uses race as an aid to admit minorities and increase diversity instead of accepting well qualified individuals.
Affirmative action in his eyes not only discriminated against non-minority, but also gave way for failure due to the lack of proper schooling before post-secondary institutions for minorities. The term minority student means that students were disadvantaged and were underrepresented in America. Richard argues that the people who affirmative action was designed for were not benefiting because affirmative action was not
December 7, 1941, Japanese planes bombed Pearl Harbor. Moments after, President Franklin Roosevelt declared war against the Axis Powers, joining in on World War II. On February 12, 1942, the Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066, which called for the internment of all Japanese Americans. Although the American population were insecure about their safety and American businessmen feared the Japanese invading the American economy, the main reason for the issuance of Executive Order 9066 was the racial discrimination against the Japanese. When Pearl Harbor happened, many Americans started to believe the propaganda posters about the Japanese.
Shelby Steele’s perspective about affirmative action is that it’s didn’t help African Americans achieve equality. Continuously, he believes that affirmative action only reinforces the misconception that people should be treated differently according to their outward appearance. Affirmative action is created to improve opportunities for minorities in employment and education. Like any legalization, affirmative action has positive and negative sides, however I disagree with Shelby Steele that negative effect on minorities. In our country, we have decades of racial, economical, and social inequality for minorities, and affirmative action tries to address that disparity.
Herbert Hill strongly believes we should adopt a strong affirmative active action policies that mandate quotes and/or timetables. He also argues there must be some benchmark, and some tangible measures of change. Hill states a system based on race existed for many generations under the U.S. Constitution. This system defined black people as property not as human beings. In the Dred Scott Decision of 1857, Chief Justice Taylor declares that black people have not rights and they are just articles of merchandise.
As Ratana explained, “It is unconstitutional for any institution to employ a racial quota under the Equal Protection Clause. Also, state laws do not supersede the law of the land. Affirmative action just factors in race as one of the many criteria that institutions use in the consideration of who to admit into colleges and employ”. One of the main purposes of the Affirmative action policy was to create a more diverse community. However, some universities have argued by saying that the ban of the policy is so that they can ensure a diverse community.
Like “c”, the quality of the students has diminished. Not only that think about the job professions were affirmative action have people that shouldn’t be qualified to take jobs like doctor and engineering and scientist because of affirmative
In the article, “UT’s Affirmative Action Policy Is Unconstitutional,” Daniel Hung argues that affirmative action should not be in the college admission process. Hung explains the Supreme Court’s rulings of Gutter v. Bollinger and, more specifically, Fisher v. The University of Texas. He also criticizes the UT’s affirmative action policy and why the Supreme Court should rule against UT. Daniel introduces the article by focusing on Fisher v. The University of Texas.
Affirmative Action Reader pg. 244 “ those many in our society that are darker, poorer, more identifiably foreign will continue to suffer the poverty, marginalization, immersion and incarceration.” Statistics are staggering Racial Disparities in Incarceration African Americans constitute nearly 1 million of the total 2.3 million incarcerated population, they are incarcerated at nearly six times the rate of whites, what’s shocking is that one in six black men had been incarcerated as of 2001 and if the trends continues one in three black males born today can expect to spend time in prison during his lifetime. I am for affirmative action, as I believe that when the late President John F Kennedy signed the affirmative action on March 6th 1961,
After all, it gives minorities what some would call, an unfair advantage. One point Anne Hull makes in her article “Affirmative Action Hurts White People” concerns readers that affirmative action is unconstitutional. She goes into detail by telling the story of a girl named Jennifer Gratz, a white applicant rejected from her dream college. Jennifer claimed that though she had worked extremely hard to have polished credentials, she fell short to a minority student with the same GPA and test scores all because of race. After being rejected, Gratz pursued a lawsuit against the University of Michigan, raising the question if affirmative action is still need in higher education (Hull 31).
For many individuals, this may seem like an advantage, but for others, this is just another form of discrimination. Affirmative Action should not be a deciding factor on whether or not a student gets accepted to ensure that everyone gets an equal opportunity. Several of the students who take advantage of Affirmative Action often don't meet the requirements needed to be accepted into an institution. This allows the students who were admitted to receive a “heads up” just by means of being unrepresented.
Being an American is simply having equal rights, equal opportunities, freedom, and a safer, better life. There are countries that are so strict that if you are seen doing something you are not supposed to, you will be arrested and killed. That’s why we are so privileged to live in a country that allows us to do what we want to. Having equal rights and equal opportunities is a big role in being an American because without that, comes racism, hate, and crime. “‘Your parents were in California?
In the early 20th century, the black people were facing social rights issues most of the time, treated unfairly, and being separated from the whites. For instances, they did not get the rights to vote and get proper education. Such acts reflect that the blacks were still much being discriminated by the whites. With the dawn of 20th century, researchers could not find much evidences about the racial discrimination due to the illiteracy rate of the black people.
As far as morality and justice are concerned, if a school or business or government declines to practice affirmative action, that’s okay” – says the
Throughout many of the affirmative action legal cases, one of the main arguments from proponents is that it is necessary in order to right the wrongs of past racial discrimination. Some say that affirmative action is justified because even though white applicants may be more qualified, this is only because they did not face the same hardships as their minority counterparts (Rachels, Ethics, 1973). Many argue if we do not integrate disadvantaged minorities into mainstream social institutions, they will continue to suffer the discrimination that has plagued our country for centuries and that this is detrimental to not only the minorities but also society as a whole (Anderson, 2002, 1270–71). However, the debate has recently shifted to the benefits of diversity in the classroom which the Supreme Court has affirmed as being a positive thing
